Crematogaster ebenina

Crematogaster ebenina
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Myrmicinae
Tribe:	Crematogastrini
Genus:	Crematogaster
Species group:	ranavalonae
Species:	C. ebenina
Binomial name
	Crematogaster ebenina; Forel, 1902

Identification

Hosoishi (2015) - This species is unique among the Asian members of the Crematogaster ranavalonae-group in having a slender petiole. This species is similar to Crematogaster tumidula, but distinguished in having the petiole without anterolateral corners.

Keys including this Species

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 21.752698° to 20.92583°.


North Temperate	North Subtropical	Tropical	South Subtropical	South Temperate

Source: AntMaps

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Oriental Region: India (type locality), Myanmar (type locality).
Palaearctic Region: China.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Biology

Castes

Queen

Images from AntWeb


Queen (alate/dealate). Specimen code casent0193632. Photographer Bonnie Blaimer, uploaded by Curator Bonnie Blaimer.	Owned by NHMB, Basel, Switzerland.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

ebenina. Crematogaster (Oxygyne) ebenina Forel, 1902c: 199 (w.q.) INDIA (Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala).
- Type-material: lectotype worker (by designation of Hosoishi, 2015: 78), 5 paralectotype workers.
- Type-locality: lectotype India: Kanara (Wroughton); paralectotypes with same data.
- [Note: other syntype (paralectotype) localities (workers and queens): India: Belgaum, Poona, Thana (Wroughton, and Gleadow); Forel does not specify which collector was responsible for which sites.]
- Type-depository: MHNG.
- Status as species: Forel, 1903a: 683; Bingham, 1903: 133; Forel, 1906b: 89; Emery, 1922e: 157; Wheeler, W.M. 1927h: 87; Wheeler, W.M. 1928c: 17; Menozzi, 1939a: 300 (in key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 100; Bolton, 1995b: 152; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 63; Tiwari, 1999: 48; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 42; Hosoishi, 2015: 78 (redescription); Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 36.
- Senior synonym of corax: Hosoishi, 2015: 78.
- Distribution: China, India, Myanmar.
corax. Crematogaster ebenina var. corax Forel, 1902c: 200 (w.) MYANMAR.
- Type-material: 6 syntype workers.
- [Note: number of specimens reported by Hosoishi, 2015: 78.]
- Type-locality: Myanmar (“Burma”): Moulmain (Hodgson).
- Type-depository: MHNG.
- Combination in C. (Oxygyne): Forel, 1903a: 683.
- Subspecies of ebenina: Forel, 1903a: 683; Emery, 1922e: 157; Wheeler, W.M. 1927h: 87; Wheeler, W.M. 1928c: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 66; Menozzi, 1939a: 300 (in key); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 100; Bolton, 1995b: 151.
- Junior synonym of ebenina: Hosoishi, 2015: 78.

Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.

Description

Worker

Hosoishi (2015) - (n = 4) HW 0.85-0.94; HL 0.81-0.86; CI 105-109; SL 0.69-0.76; SI 78-82; EL 0.18-0.19; PW 0.51-0.56; WL 0.98-1.05; PSL 0.11-0.13; PtL 0.24-0.26; PtW 0.24-0.27; PtH 0.16-0.17; PpL 0.14-0.16; PpW 0.24- 0.26; PtHI 64-67; PtWI 100-113; PpWI 162-173; WI 96-100.

Head appearing subquadratic in front view. Mandible weakly striate, with four teeth, apical and subapical teeth large, basal two teeth smaller. Scape exceeding posterior corner of head, with appressed setae, each of which is less than or as long as width of scape in length. Compound eye large and slightly projecting beyond lateral margin of head in full face view.

Ventrolateral katepisternal ridge indistinct. Propodeal spine long and stout; length equal to slightly greater than diameter of propodeal spiracle, directed upward, dorsum as high as anterior propodeum. Propodeal spiracle large and situated close to propodeal declivity in lateral view, directed posterolaterally.

In dorsal view, shape of petiole scoop with convex side, longer than broad. Anterolateral corner of petiole undeveloped, tapering anteriorly. Petiolar spiracle big, as large as half of propodeal spiracle in diameter. Postpetiole weakly bilobed but without longitudinal median sulcus. Petiole slightly wider than, or as wide as postpetiole in dorsal view. Integument essentially smooth and shiny. Clypeus generally smooth and shiny, but with feable rugulae. Malar region smooth and shiny without rugulae. Dorsal surface of promesonotum smooth and shiny. Lateral surface of pronotum smooth and shiny. Mesopleuron and lateral propodeum generally shiny, but with feable rugulae. Dorsal surface of propodeum smooth and shiny.

Erect pilosity almost absent. Dorsum of head, clypeus and mesosoma with short and appressed sparse setae. Clypeus without longer setae on anteriormost portion. Anterior clypeal margin with one single longer setae and two pairs of longer setae, mixed with some shorter setae on the side. No erect setae on pronotal shoulder. Posterolateral tubercle with some decumbent to appressed shorter setae. Ventral surface of petiole with appressed setae. Postpetiole with some shorter setae posteriorly. Fourth abdominal tergite with appressed setae.

Body color reddish brown.

Type Material

Crematogaster ebenina: Lectotype (designated by Hosoishi, 2015: 78), worker, Kanara, India, Wroughton, Musee d'Histoire Naturelle Genève.
Crematogaster ebenina: Paralectotype (designated by Hosoishi, 2015: 78), 5 workers, Kanara, India, Wroughton, Musee d'Histoire Naturelle Genève.
Crematogaster ebenina: Paralectotype (designated by Hosoishi, 2015: 78), 1 worker, Poona, India, Wroughton, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna.
Crematogaster ebenina corax: Syntype, 6 workers, Moulmain, Myanmar, Hodgson, Musee d'Histoire Naturelle Genève.

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

Blaimer B. B. 2012. Untangling complex morphological variation: taxonomic revision of the subgenus Crematogaster (Oxygyne) in Madagascar, with insight into the evolution and biogeography of this enigmatic ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology 37: 240-260
Blaimer, B.. "Untangling complex morphological variation: taxonomic revision of the subgenus Crematogaster (Oxygyne) in Madagascar, with insight into the evolution and biogeography of this enigmatic ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Systematic Entomology 37 (2012): 240-260.
Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
Fontanilla A. M., A. Nakamura, Z. Xu, M. Cao, R. L. Kitching, Y. Tang, and C. J. Burwell. 2019. Taxonomic and functional ant diversity along tropical, subtropical, and subalpine elevational transects in southwest China. Insects 10, 128; doi:10.3390/insects10050128
Forel A. 1902. Myrmicinae nouveaux de l'Inde et de Ceylan. Rev. Suisse Zool. 10: 165-249.
Forel A. 1903. Les Formicides de l'Empire des Indes et de Ceylan. Part X. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 679-715.
Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
HUANG Jian-hua, ZHOU Shan-yi. 2006. A Checklist of Family Formicidae of China - Myrmicinae (Part I) (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Journal of Guangxi Normal University. Natural science edition 24: 87-94.
Hosoishi S. and K. Ogata. 2009. A check list of the ant genus Crematogaster in Asia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bull. Inst. Trop. Agr. Kyushu Univ. 32: 43-83.
Karmaly K. A.; S. Sumesh, T. P. Rabeesh, and L. Kishore. 2010. A checklist of ants of Thirunelli in Wayanad, Kerala. J. of the Bombay Natural History Society 107(1): 64-67.
Li Z.h. 2006. List of Chinese Insects. Volume 4. Sun Yat-sen University Press
Musthak Ali T. M. 1992. Ant Fauna of Karnataka-2. Newsletter of IUSSI Indian Chapter 6(1-2): 1-9.
Song Y., Z. Xu, C. Li, N. Zhang, L. Zhang, H. Jiang, and F. Mo. 2013. An Analysis on the Ant Fauna of the Nangun river Nature Reserve in Yunnan, China. Forest Research 26(6): 773-780.
Tiwari R. N., B. G. Kundu, S. Roy Chowdhury, and S. N. Ghosh. 2003. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Fauna of Sikkim. Part 4. State Fauna Series. 9.Zool.Surv.India. i-iii, 1-512. Chapter pagination: 467-506.
Tiwari R.N., B.G. Kundu, S. Roychowdhury, S.N. Ghosh. 1999. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Pp. 211-294 in: Director; Zoological Survey of India (ed.) 1999. Fauna of West Bengal. Part 8. Insecta (Trichoptera, Thysanoptera, Neuroptera, Hymenoptera and Anoplura). Calcutta: Zoological Survey of India, iv + 442 pp.
Wheeler W. M. 1927. Ants collected by Professor F. Silvestri in Indochina. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 20: 83-106.
Wheeler W. M. 1928. Ants collected by Professor F. Silvestri in China. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 22: 3-38.
Xu Z., Zeng G., Liu T.-Y. and He Y.-F.. 1999. [A study on communities of Formicidae ants in different subtypes of vegetation in Xishuangbanna District of China.] Zoological Research 20: 118-125