Formicina

Formicina
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Formicinae
Tribe:	Formicini
Genus:	Formicina Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840
Type species
Formica rufa Specimen Label

This genus is not in use as it is currently considered to be a junior synonym of Formica.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• FORMICINA [junior synonym of Formica]
  • Formicina Shuckard, in Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 172. Type-species: Formica rufa, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164.
  • [Type-species not Formica flava, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1916a: 61 (footnote); repeated by Emery, 1916b: 239 and Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 170.]
  • Formicina junior synonym of Formica: Wheeler, W.M. 1911c: 860; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 164.
  • Formicina incorrectly as replacement name for Lasius Fabricius: Emery, 1916a: 60; Emery, 1916b: 239; Bondroit, 1918: 19.
  • Formicina incorrectly as subgenus of Lasius: Wheeler, W.M. 1916k: 172.
  • Formicina incorrectly as junior synonym of Lasius: Emery, 1925b: 226; Brown, 1973b: 180.
  • Formicina incorrectly as junior synonym of Acanthomyops: Donisthorpe, 1927b: 209.
  • Formicina junior synonym of Formica: Agosti, 1994a: 106.
  • [Formica and Formicina share the same type-species, synonymy is therefore absolute.]

References

• Agosti, D. 1994b. The phylogeny of the ant tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with the description of a new genus. Syst. Entomol. 19: 93-117 (page 106, Formicina junior synonym of Formica; Formica senior synonym of Coptoformica, Formicina, Hypochira, Iberoformica, Neoformica, Raptiformica, Serviformica)
• Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 222 pp. (page 50, Formicinia as junior synonym of Formica)
• Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 30, catalogue)
• Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 128, Formicina junior synonym of Formica [Type-species not Formica flava, unjustified subsequent designation by Emery, 1916a: 61 (footnote); repeated by Emery, 1916b:239 and Wheeler, W.M. 1916f:170][Formica and Formicina share the same type-species, synonymy i)
• Bondroit, J. 1918. Les fourmis de France et de Belgique. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 87: 1-174 (page 19, Formicina unnecessarily and incorrectly used as replacement name for Lasius Fabricius; Formicina as genus)
• Brown, W. L., Jr. 1973b. A comparison of the Hylean and Congo-West African rain forest ant faunas. Pp. 161-185 in: Meggers, B. J., Ayensu, E. S., Duckworth, W. D. (eds.) Tropical forest ecosystems in Africa and South America: a comparative review. Wash (page 180, Formicina incorrectly as provisional junior synonym of Lasius)
• Donisthorpe, H. 1927c. British ants, their life history and classification (2nd edn.). London: G. Routledge and Sons, xvi + 436 pp. (page 209, Formicina as junior synonym of Acanthomyops)
• Donisthorpe, H. 1943g. A list of the type-species of the genera and subgenera of the Formicidae. [part]. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11(10): 617-688 (page 646, Formicina junior synonym of Formica)
• Emery, C. 1916a [1915]. Fauna entomologica italiana. I. Hymenoptera.-Formicidae. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 47: 79-275 (page 239, Formicina unnecessarily and incorrectly used as replacement name for Lasius Fabricius)
• Emery, C. 1916a [1915]. Fauna entomologica italiana. I. Hymenoptera.-Formicidae. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 47: 79-275 (page 239, Formicina as genus)
• Emery, C. 1916b. Formiche d'Italia nuove o critiche. Rend. Sess. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna Cl. Sci. Fis. (n.s.) 20: 53-66 (page 61, Formicina as genus)
• Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 226, Formicina incorrectly as junior synonym of Lasius)
• Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 51: 229-253 (page 249, Formicina in Camponotinae, Formicini; Formicina as genus)
• Swainson W.; Shuckard, W. E. 1840. On the history and natural arrangement of insects. London: Longman, Brown, Green & Longman's, 406 pp. (page 172, Formicina as genus)
• Wheeler, W. M. 1911c. Three formicid names which have been overlooked. Science (N. Y.) (n.s.) 33: 858-860 (page 860, Formicina junior synonym of Formica)
• Wheeler, W. M. 1911g. A list of the type species of the genera and subgenera of Formicidae. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 21: 157-175 (page 164, Type-species: Formica rufa, by subsequent designation; Formicina as junior synonym of Formica)
• Wheeler, W. M. 1916o. Questions of nomenclature connected with the ant genus Lasius and its subgenera. Psyche (Camb.) 23: 168-173 (page 172, Formicina as subgenus of Lasius)