Formicoxenus

Formicoxenus
Formicoxenus nitidulus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Myrmicinae
Tribe:	Crematogastrini
Genus:	Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855
Type species
Myrmica nitidula, now Formicoxenus nitidulus
Diversity
7 species (Species Checklist) Formicoxenus nitidulus Specimen Label
Synonyms
Symmyrmica Wheeler, W.M., 1904

Evolutionary Relationships

Cardiocondyla Ocymyrmex Nesomyrmex Xenomyrmex Terataner Atopomyrmex Cataulacus Carebara Diplomorium Melissotarsus Rhopalomastix Calyptomyrmex Tetramorium Cyphoidris Dicroaspis Aretidris Vollenhovia Dacetinops Indomyrma Crematogaster Meranoplus Lophomyrmex Adlerzia Recurvidris Stereomyrmex Trichomyrmex Eutetramorium Royidris Malagidris Vitsika Huberia Podomyrma Liomyrmex Metapone Kartidris Mayriella Tetheamyrma Dacatria Proatta Dilobocondyla Secostruma Acanthomyrmex Myrmecina Perissomyrmex Pristomyrmex some Lordomyrma Propodilobus Lasiomyrma [some Lordomyrma Ancyridris some Lordomyrma Paratopula Poecilomyrma Romblonella Rotastruma Gauromyrmex Vombisidris Temnothorax Harpagoxenus Formicoxenus Leptothorax

Based on Ward et al. (2014) and Blaimer et al. (2018).

Identification

Keys including this Genus

• Key to North American Genera of Myrmicinae
• Key to the Ant Genera of New Mexico

Keys to Species in this Genus

• Key to US Formicoxenus species

Morphology

Worker Morphology

 • Antennal segment count 11 • Antennal club 3 • Palp formula 5,3; 4,3 • Total dental count 5-6 • Spur formula 0, 0 • Sting present

Male Morphology

 • Antennal segment count 12 • Antennal club 0 in alates; gradual in ergatoids • Palp formula 5,3; 4,3 • Total dental count 0-4 • Spur formula 0, 0 • Caste alates/intermediates/ergatoids

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's New General Catalogue, a catalogue of the world's ants.

• FORMICOXENUS [Myrmicinae: Formicoxenini]
  • Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855: 413. Type-species: Myrmica nitidula, by monotypy.
  • Formicoxenus junior synonym of Stenamma: Mayr, 1863: 422; Roger, 1863b: 25.
  • Formicoxenus revived status as genus: André, 1882c: 273.
  • Formicoxenus senior synonym of Symmyrmica: Francoeur, Loiselle & Buschinger, 1985: 347.
• SYMMYRMICA [junior synonym of Formicoxenus]
  • Symmyrmica Wheeler, W.M. 1904a: 3. Type-species: Symmyrmica chamberlini, by monotypy.
  • Symmyrmica junior synonym of Formicoxenus: Francoeur, Loiselle & Buschinger, 1985: 347.

References

• André, E. 1882d. Les fourmis. [part]. Pp. 233-280 in: André, Edm. 1881-1886. Species des Hyménoptères d'Europe et d'Algérie. Tome Deuxième. Beaune: Edmond André, 919 + 48 pp. (page 273, Formicoxenus as genus)
• Ashmead, W. H. 1905c. A skeleton of a new arrangement of the families, subfamilies, tribes and genera of the ants, or the superfamily Formicoidea. Can. Entomol. 37: 381-384 (page 383, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Stenammini)
• Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 222 pp. (page 105, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini)
• Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 246, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini; Formicoxenus as genus)
• Brown, W. L., Jr. 1973b. A comparison of the Hylean and Congo-West African rain forest ant faunas. Pp. 161-185 in: Meggers, B. J., Ayensu, E. S., Duckworth, W. D. (eds.) Tropical forest ecosystems in Africa and South America: a comparative review. Wash (page 180, Formicoxenus provisional junior synonym of Leptothorax)
• Dalla Torre, K. W. von. 1893. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. 7. Formicidae (Heterogyna). Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 289 pp. (page 62, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae)
• Emery, C. 1895l. Die Gattung Dorylus Fab. und die systematische Eintheilung der Formiciden. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 8: 685-778 (page 769, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini)
• Emery, C. 1914e. Intorno alla classificazione dei Myrmicinae. Rend. Sess. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna Cl. Sci. Fis. (n.s.) 18: 29-42 (page 42, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini)
• Emery, C. 1924f [1922]. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [concl.]. Genera Insectorum 174C: 207-397 (page 264, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini)
• Emery, C.; Forel, A. 1879. Catalogue des Formicides d'Europe. Mitt. Schweiz. Entomol. Ges. 5: 441-481 (page 457, Formicoxenus as junior synonym of Stenamma)
• Forel, A. 1893b. Sur la classification de la famille des Formicides, avec remarques synonymiques. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 37: 161-167 (page 165, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Formicoxenini)
• Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 51: 229-253 (page 245, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini)
• Francoeur, A.; Loiselle, R.; Buschinger, A. 1985. Biosystématique de la tribu Leptothoracini (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). 1. Le genre Formicoxenus dans la région holarctique. Nat. Can. (Qué.) 112: 343-403 (page 343, 347, Formicoxenus valid genus, senior synonym of Symmyrmica, and revision of genus)
• Mayr, G. 1855. Formicina austriaca. Beschreibung der bisher im österreichischen Kaiserstaate aufgefundenen Ameisen, nebst Hinzufügung jener in Deutschland, in der Schweiz und in Italien vorkommenden Arten. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ver. Wien 5: 273-478 (page 413, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae [Myrmicidae])
• Mayr, G. 1863a. Formicidarum index synonymicus. Verh. K-K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 385-460 (page 422, Formicoxenus as junior synonym of Stenamma)
• Roger, J. 1863b. Verzeichniss der Formiciden-Gattungen und Arten. Berl. Entomol. Z. 7(B Beilage: 1-65 (page 25, Formicoxenus as junior synonym of Stenamma)
• Wheeler, W. M. 1910b. Ants: their structure, development and behavior. New York: Columbia University Press, xxv + 663 pp. (page 139, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini)
• Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 664, Formicoxenus in Myrmicinae, Leptothoracini)