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Key to Camponotus of Turkey
This worker key is based on: Karaman, C.; Aktaç, N. 2013. Descriptions of four new species of Camponotus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key for the worker caste of the Camponotus of Turkey. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 86(1):36-56.
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1
- In soldiers, head truncated anteriorly as in queen (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5a); in minor workers, propodeal dorsum transversally concave; petiole dorsum concave in frontal view; dimorphic species NW Africa; Caucasus; Crimea; Cyprus; Southern and Central Europe (until to Poland); Kopet Dag; Middle East; Ukraine; Turkey . . . . . Colobopsis truncata
- Workers’ head not truncated anteriorly; with different characteristics combined . . . . . 2
2
return to couplet #1
- Metanotal groove absent; mesosoma in profile quite convex; propodeal dorsum meets propodeal declivity at an obtuse angle . . . . . 18
- Metanotal groove always present; propodeal dorsum meets declivity at an acute angle . . . . . 3
3
return to couplet #2
- Whole body (especially gaster) densely punctured, appears dull . . . . . 4
- Whole body (especially gaster) weakly punctured or reticulate, appears more or less shiny . . . . . 8
4
return to couplet #3
- Dorsal surface of mesosoma only with metanotal suture (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5b, c) . . . . . 5
- Dorsal surface of mesosoma at least with shallow metanotal groove (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5f, g) . . . . . 7
5
return to couplet #4
- Petiole thin Bulgaria; Greece; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) aegaeus
- Petiole thick . . . . . 6
6
return to couplet #5
- Mandible, scape, and legs red; occipital corners and scape without erect hairs; petiole weakly sculptured and more or less shiny; whole body with scarce erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5b, d) . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) aktaci
- Mandible, scape and legs dark brown-black or black; occipital corners and scape with erect hairs; petiole coarsely sculptured and dull; whole body with long, abundant erect hairs Cyprus; Greece; Iran; Israel; Lebanon; Turkey (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5c) . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) libanicus
7
return to couplet #4
- Propodeal dorsum posteriorly with short teeth Cyprus; Greece; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) kiesenwetteri
- Propodeal dorsum posteriorly without teeth Greece; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) boghossiani
8
return to couplet #3
- Whole body black . . . . . 9
- Body color different, at least some parts of mesosoma reddish . . . . . 11
9
return to couplet #8
- Dorsum of mesosoma with deep metanotal groove NW Africa; Caucasus; Southern and Central Europe, Southeastern Europe; northern Kazakhstan; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) piceus
- Dorsum of mesosoma with shallow metanotal groove or with suture (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5d, e) . . . . . 10
10
return to couplet #9
- Dorsum of propodeum meets declivity at a rounded blunt angle; mesosoma and gaster with abundant erect hairs NW Africa (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5d); Armenia; Southern Europe; Iraq; Iran; Israel; Lebanon; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) gestroi
- Dorsum of propodeum meets declivity at an acute angle (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5e); mesosoma and gaster with scarce erect hairs Middle East . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) abrahami
11
return to couplet #8
- Dorsum of mesosoma with metanotal groove (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5f, g) . . . . . 12
- Dorsum of mesosoma without metanotal groove, only metanotal suture present . . . . . 17
12
return to couplet #11
- Especially in minor workers metanotal groove quite deep; petiole rather low; first gastral tergite brownish red and lighter than other gastric segment . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) anatolicus
- In minor workers, metanotal groove more shallow; petiole high; whole gaster dark brown to black . . . . . 13
13
return to couplet #12
- Erect hairs present only on posterior part of propodeal dorsum, subdecumbent hairs absent (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5f) . . . . . 14
- Whole propodeal dorsum with erect and/or subdecumbent hairs . . . . . 15
14
return to couplet #13
- Head and mesosoma red (head can be partly brownish) NW Africa; Crimea; Caucasus; Southern and Central Europe; Israel; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) lateralis
- Head brownish to black, mesosoma red or only pronotum red, rest of the mesosoma brownish black Bosnia and Hercegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Israel; Italy; Lebanon; Macedonia; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia; Switzerland; Syria; Turkey. . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) dalmaticus
15
return to couplet #13
- Occipital corners with erect hairs; scape with more than 5 erect hairs . . . . . 16
- Occipital corners and scape without erect hairs in minor workers, occipital corners bare or with one short erect hair; scape with at most 3 erect hairs in major workers . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) honaziensis
16
return to couplet #15
- Dorsum of pronotum and mesonotum with abundant erect hairs; propodeal dorsum with abundant erect and short subdecumbent hairs . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) hirtus
- Dorsum of pronotum and mesonotum with sparse erect hairs; posterior part of propodeal dorsum with erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5g) Croatia; Greece; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) candiotes
17
return to couplet #11
- Head and mesosoma red Balkans; Former Yugoslavia; Lebanon; Israel; Iran; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) vogti
- Head dark brown, mesosoma red China; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) kurdistanicus
18
return to couplet #2
- Anterior margin of clypeus rounded, does not form a small subrectangular lobe beyond the genal margins (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5h) . . . . . 19
- Anterior margin of clypeus extended and forms a small subrectangular lobe beyond the genal margins (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5j; 6b, f, h) . . . . . 24
19
return to couplet #18
- Whole body shiny . . . . . 20
- Whole body subopaque or dull . . . . . 21
20
return to couplet #19
- Genae, lateral sides of head, occipital corners, and scape with short erect hairs; mesosoma and gaster with long, abundant erect hairs Hungary; Italy; Romania; Slovenia; Turkish Thrace (European part of Turkey) . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) tergestinus
- Genae, lateral sides of head, occipital corners, and scape without erect hairs; mesosoma and gaster with long, scarce erect hairs Europe, Georgia, Iran, Israel, northwestern Kazakhstan, Morocco, southern part of Siberia, Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmentoma) fallax
21
return to couplet #19
- Whole body black . . . . . 22
- Body bicolored, mesosoma red, head and gaster black except for anterior part of first gastral segment which lighter than rest of gaster . . . . . 23
22
return to couplet #21
- Anterior margin of clypeus notched medially (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5i) Iraq; Israel; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus cilicicus
- Anterior margin of clypeus without median notch NW Africa; Caucasus; Europe (until southern Sweden and Finland); N. Kazakhstan; until the Altai mountains in Asia; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus vagus
23
return to couplet #21
- Anterior half of the first gaster segment reddish, the rest of the gaster black Caucasus; Europe; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus ligniperda
- Whole gaster black or only reddish spot at anterior of first segment of gaster Caucasus; Northern and Eastern Europe; southern and central European Mountains; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Siberia; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus herculeanus
24
return to couplet #18
- Gaster with short, dense, thick, decumbent pilosity, hairs 3–3.5 times longer than the distance between each other southern Caucasus; Iran; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Myrmosericus) armeniacus
- Gaster with much sparser and shorter, decumbent pilosity, hairs at most 2.5 times longer than the distance between each other . . . . . 25
25
return to couplet #24
- Tibiae ventrally with a row of bristles (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5k) . . . . . 26
- Tibiae ventrally without a row of bristles . . . . . 37
26
return to couplet #25
- Gaster with abundant, decumbent pilosity and erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6a); tibiae with abundant subdecumbent hairs . . . . . 27
- Gaster with sparse decumbent pilosity and erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6c, d); tibia without subdecumbent hairs . . . . . 29
27
return to couplet #26
- Gaster unicolored, black . . . . . 28
- Basal part of gaster yellow to yellowish red and always lighter than dark brown-black rest of gaster Bulgaria; Cyprus; Greece; Italy; Serbia; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) samius
28
return to couplet #37
- Genae, antennal scape and tibiae with abundant erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 5j); head and gaster black, mesosoma red Middle East; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) festai
- Genae, antennal scape and tibiae without erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6b); whole body unicolored, black Bulgaria; Greece; Serbia; Turkey . . . . . Campontus (Tanaemyrmex) ionius
29
return to couplet #26
- Genae with erect hairs . . . . . 30
- Genae without erect hairs . . . . . 31
30
return to couplet #29
- Whole body dark brown or black Afghanistan; NW Africa; Caucasus; Middle East; Europe; Iran; Kazakhstan; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) aethiops
- Whole body red, sometimes gaster brownish-black Greece; Iran; Serbia; Southern Transcaucasia; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) oertzeni
31
return to couplet #29
- Ventral surface of head with erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6c) . . . . . 32
- Ventral surface of head without erect hairs, only in major workers of C. sanctus 1–2 erect hairs present near foramen magnum (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6d) . . . . . 34
32
return to couplet #31
- Whole body unicolored, brownish black to black Arabian Peninsula; Egypt; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) fellah
- At least lower parts of mesosoma lighter than head and gaster . . . . . 33
33
return to couplet #32
- Whole gaster reddish brown to black Bulgaria; Egypt; France; Georgia; Gibraltar; Italy; Luxembourg; Portugal; Spain; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) sylvaticus
- Basal part of gaster yellow or reddish yellow, rest of gaster black Greece; Iran; Israel; Saudi Arabia; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) baldaccii
34
return to couplet #31
- Gaster unicolored, black Central Asia; Iran; Saudi Arabia; Sinai Peninsula; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) xerxes
- Basal part of gaster yellow or reddish yellow, rest of gaster black . . . . . 35
35
return to couplet #34
- Ventral surface of head always bare in major workers; head reddishbrown to brownish in minor workers . . . . . 36
- Ventral surface of head bare or generally 1–2 erect hairs near foramen magnum in major workers; head yellow to reddish-yellow in minor workers Afghanistan; Bulgaria; Cyprus; Greece; Iran; Israel; Lebanon; Syria; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) sanctus
36
return to couplet #35
- Mesosoma dorsum with more than 12 erect hairs; petiole dorsum steeply convex N. Africa; Kuwait; Oman; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Yemen . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) thoracicus
- Mesosomal dorsum with at most 10 erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6e) ; petiole dorsum weakly convex or straight N Africa; Middle East; Iran; Oman; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) oasium
37
return to couplet #25
- Genae and occipital corners with erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6f, h) . . . . . 38
- Genae and occipital corners bare Southeastern Asia; Greece (?); Hawaiian Islands; Turkey (?) . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) variegatus
38
return to couplet #37
- Extensor surface of tibiae and scape with abundant, subdecumbent and erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6f); whole body with abundant hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6g) Afghanistan; Armenia; Iran; Turkmenistan; Kyrgyzstan; Pamir; Tajikistan; Tibet; Transcaucasia; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) buddhae
- Extensor surface of tibiae with only appressed pilosity; antennal scape bare (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6h); whole body with sparse erect hairs (Karaman and Aktac, 2013. Figure 6i) Iran; Iraq; Turkey . . . . . Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) shaqualavensis
