Myrmica kozlovi

Myrmica kozlovi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Myrmicinae
Tribe:	Myrmicini
Genus:	Myrmica
Species:	M. kozlovi
Binomial name
Myrmica kozlovi Ruzsky, 1915 Specimen Label
Synonyms
Myrmica kozlovi mekongi Ruzsky, 1915 Myrmica kozlovi ruzskyi Weber, 1947 Myrmica kozlovi subalpina Ruzsky, 1915 Myrmica kozlovi subbrevispinosa Ruzsky, 1915 Myrmica specularis Donisthorpe, 1929

Poorly known. M. kozlovi has been found at the highest altitudes recorded for any Myrmica species worldwide (4800 m) which probably accounts for it being the only Myrmica species that has crossed the Himalayan barrier to live on both the western and eastern slopes. Donisthorpe (1929) wrote that “According to Major Higston [the collector of Myrmica specularis, a junior synonym] the ants found at the higher elevations [in the Himalaya] are exceedingly lethargic and sluggish in their movements.” (Radchenko and Elmes 2010; Bharti et al., 2016)

Identification

A member of the kurokii group.

Keys including this Species

• Key to Myrmica of the Himalaya and Afghanistan
• Key to Myrmica of the Tibetan Plateau

Distribution

M. kozlovi is probably widespread in the Himalayn mountain system and isolated populations predictably can morphologically vary.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Oriental Region: India, Nepal, Tibet (type locality).
Palaearctic Region: China.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• kozlovi. Myrmica kozlovi Ruzsky, 1915a: 435, figs. 10, 11 (w.) TIBET. Senior synonym of specularis: Radchenko & Elmes, 2001a: 259; of mekongi, ruzskyi Weber, subalpina, subbrevispinosa: Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 175.
• mekongi. Myrmica kozlovi subsp. mekongi Ruzsky, 1915a: 437, fig. 12 (w.) TIBET. Junior synonym of kozlovi: Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 175.
• subalpina. Myrmica kozlovi subsp. subalpina Ruzsky, 1915a: 438, fig. 14 (w.) TIBET. Senior synonym of ruzskyi Weber (unnecessary replacement name): Bolton, 1995b: 283. Junior synonym of kozlovi: Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 175. See also: Menozzi, 1939a: 294.
• subbrevispinosa. Myrmica kozlovi subsp. subbrevispinosa Ruzsky, 1915a: 437, fig. 13 (w.) TIBET. Junior synonym of kozlovi: Radchenko & Elmes, 2010: 175.
• specularis. Myrmica specularis Donisthorpe, 1929a: 446 (w.) TIBET. Junior synonym of kozlovi: Radchenko & Elmes, 2001a: 259.
• ruzskyi. Myrmica kozlovi subsp. ruzskyi Weber, 1947: 471. [Unresolved junior primary homonym of ruzskyi Kiseleva, above.] Unnecessary replacement name for, and hence junior synonym of, subalpina Ruzsky, 1915a: 438: Bolton, 1995b: 282.

Type Material

Myrmica kozlovi

• Lectotype (designated by Radchenko & Elmes, 2010) 1 worker, “tributary of riv. Dza-chju, Kam, riv. Yangtze, 12-13000’, leg. Kozlov, beginning of iii.01” (original label in Russian) (ZISP).
• Paralectotypes (designated by Radchenko & Elmes, 2010): 34 workers “tributary of riv. Dza-chju, Kam, riv. Yangtze, 12-13000’, leg. Kozlov, beginning of iii.01”; 27 workers, “valley of riv. Yangtze, Kam, Tibet, leg. Kozlov, iii.01”; 1 worker, “riv. Dza-chju, 11000’, Kam, basin of riv. Yangtze, leg. Kozlov, middle of iv.01”; 10 workers, “riv. Dza-chju, riv. Yangtze, 12-13000’, leg. Kozlov, beginning of v.01” (all original labels in Russian) (ZISP, ZMMU, SIZK);

Myrmica kozlovi mekongi

• Lectotype (designated by Radchenko & Elmes, 2010): worker, “riv. Bar-chju, basin of riv. Mekong, Kam, end of ix.1900, leg. Kozlov” (original label in Russian), “Myrm. kozlovi sub. mekongi n. sub. M. Ruzsky” (ZMMU).
• Paralectotypes (designated by Radchenko & Elmes, 2010): 15 workers “riv. Bar-chju, basin of riv. Mekong, Kam, end of ix.1900, leg. Kozlov”; 1 worker, “riv. Ba-chju 12,000’ Kam, basin of riv. Yangtze, leg. Kozlov, 2-3.viii.00” (original label in Russian) (ZMMU, ZISP, SIZK);

Myrmica kozlovi subbrevispinosa

• Holotype worker, “valley of riv. Yangtze, Kam, Eastern Tibet, leg. Kozlov, iii.01” (original label in Russian), “M. kozlovi v. subbrevispinosa n. var.” (ZMMU).

Myrmica specularis

• Holotype worker, “Tibetan side of the Mt. Everest: Tibet, Gautsa, 13000 ft, 5.ìv.1924” (Hingston) (BMNH).
• Paratypes: 4 workers “Tibetan side of the Mt. Everest: Tibet, Gautsa, 13000 ft, 5.ìv.1924” (BMNH).

Etymology

Radchenko and Elmes (2010) - dedicated to Colonel Peter Kuzmich Kozlov (1863-1935), the outstanding Russian geographer and explorer, head of many expeditions to Central Asia (Mongolia, China, Tibet).

References

• Bharti, H., Sasi, S., Radchenko, A. 2016. Biogeography and ecology of Myrmica species (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) in Himalayan regions. Sociobiology 63, 956-975 (DOI 10.13102/sociobiology.v63i3.1145).
• Radchenko, A. G.; Elmes, G.W. 2001b. A taxonomic revision of the ant genus Myrmica Latreille, 1804 from the Himalaya (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Entomol. Basil. 23: 237-276 (page 259, Senior synonym of specularis)
• Radchenko, A.G. & Elmes, G.W. 2010. Myrmica ants of the Old World. Fauna Mundi 3: 1-789.
• Ruzsky, M. 1915a. On the ants of Tibet and the southern Gobi. On material collected on the expedition of Colonel P. K. Kozlov. Ezheg. Zool. Muz. 20: 418-444 (page 435, figs. 10, 11 worker described)
• Subedi, I.P., Budha, P.B., Bharti, H., Alonso, L. 2020. An updated checklist of Nepalese ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 1006, 99–136 (doi:10.3897/zookeys.1006.58808).

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

• Chen Z. L., S. Y. Zhou, and J. H. Huang. 2016. Seven species new to science and one newly recorded species of the ant genus Myrmica Latreille, 1804 from China, with proposal of a new synonym (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). ZooKeys 551: 85–128.
• Collingwood C.A. 1970. Formicidae (Hymenopter: Aculeata) of Nepal. Himalaya Khumbu Himal, 3: 371-388.
• Donisthorpe H. 1929. The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) taken by Major R. W. G. Hingston, M.C., I.M.S. (ret.), on the Mount Everest Expedition, 1924. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10)4: 444-449.
• Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
• Huang Jian-hua, Zhou Shan-yi. 2007. A checklist of family Formicidae of China - Myrmicinae (Part II) (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Journal of Guangxi Normal University : Natural Science Edition 25(1): 91-99.
• Li Z.h. 2006. List of Chinese Insects. Volume 4. Sun Yat-sen University Press
• Mo F., Z. Xu, Y. Song, C. Li, and Q. He. 2015. Ant communities in Yadong section of Mt. Himalaya. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University 39(3): 85-90.
• Radchenko A. G., and G. W. Elmes. 2010. Myrmica ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Old World. Fauna Mundi 3. Warsaw: Natura Optima Dux Foundation, 790 pp.
• Thapa V. K. 2000. An Inventory of Nepal's Insects, Vol. III. IUCN Nepal, Kathmandu, xi + 475 pp.
• Weber N. A. 1950. A revision of the North American ants of the genus Myrmica Latreille with a synopsis of the Palearctic species. III. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 43: 189-226.