Odontoponera transversa

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Odontoponera transversa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Ponerinae
Tribe: Ponerini
Genus: Odontoponera
Species: O. transversa
Binomial name
Odontoponera transversa
(Smith, F., 1857)

Odontoponera-L1.25x.jpg

Odontoponera-D1.6x.jpg


Subspecies
Synonyms

Odontoponera transversa prefers fairly intact forests. This contrasts with Odontoponera denticulata, a similar species with an overlapping range. This species lives in disturbed areas, often where there is bare ground. In Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Borneo, these two ants never coexist in one place. Odontoponera transversa occurs in primary forest and O. transversa inhabits the grounds of the park headquarters. In Bogor Botanical Gardens, West Java, where both species are very common (Ito et al., 2001), their habitat preference are different but less distinct. Odontoponera transversa is typically found in wetter and darker places while O. denticulata is collected around buildings. (Yamane, 2009)

Identification

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 17.596956° to -2.183333°.

 
North
Temperate
North
Subtropical
Tropical South
Subtropical
South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Borneo, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia (type locality), Singapore (type locality).
Oriental Region: India, Myanmar (type locality), Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.
Palaearctic Region: China.

Distribution based on AntMaps

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Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
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Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.
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Biology

Heterick & Kitching (2022) collected this species in a pitfall trap within a lowland dipterocarp forest in Brunei.

Castes

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • transversa. Ponera transversa Smith, F. 1857a: 68 (w.) SINGAPORE.
    • Type-material: 4 syntype workers.
    • Type-locality: Singapore: “SINC. 55/9” (A.R. Wallace).
    • [Note: BMNH Accessions Register says of these specimens: “1855 no. 9. Singapore (Malacca). Purchased of Stevens. Collected by Mr Alfred Wallace.”]
    • Type-depository: BMNH.
    • [Note: a worker in OXUM, labelled “Sing. 5,” has been indicated as type by Donisthorpe, 1932c: 448. This does not appear to belong to the same series as the BMNH specimens and is provisionally excluded from the syntype series.]
    • Bingham, 1903: 73 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1952c: 606 (l); Imai, et al. 1984: 5 (k.).
    • Combination in Odontoponera: Emery, 1893e: 189.
    • Status as species: Smith, F. 1858b: 86; Mayr, 1863: 451; Smith, F. 1871a: 321; Dalla Torre, 1893: 30; Emery, 1893e: 189; Emery, 1893g: 262; Emery, 1895k: 458; Forel, 1899d: 314; Emery, 1900d: 663; Bingham, 1903: 73; Forel, 1905c: 7; Forel, 1906b: 92; Forel, 1907e: 17; Forel, 1909d: 221; Wheeler, W.M. 1909d: 339; Forel, 1910d: 122; Emery, 1911d: 60; Forel, 1912d: 97; Forel, 1913k: 7; Viehmeyer, 1916a: 113; Viehmeyer, 1916b: 285; Wheeler, W.M. 1919e: 52; Santschi, 1920h: 158; Wheeler, W.M. 1923b: 1; Wheeler, W.M. 1924b: 242; Crawley, 1924: 383; Santschi, 1924c: 95; Stitz, 1925: 111; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 62; Karavaiev, 1925a: 81; Mukerjee & Ribeiro, 1925: 205; Wheeler, W.M. 1927b: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1927d: 1; Wheeler, W.M. 1927h: 84; Wheeler, W.M. 1928c: 5; Santschi, 1928h: 124; Creighton, 1929: 152; Donisthorpe, 1929a: 444; Wheeler, W.M. 1929f: 1; Wheeler, W.M. 1929g: 32; Menozzi, 1930a: 1; Menozzi, 1930d: 328; Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 58; Donisthorpe, 1932c: 448; Stitz, 1932b: 733; Menozzi, 1932d: 4; Karavaiev, 1935a: 60; Wheeler, W.M. 1937a: 21; Menozzi, 1939a: 327; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 67; Collingwood, 1962: 224; Baltazar, 1966: 246; Onoyama, 1980: 196; Radchenko, 1993a: 79; Bolton, 1995b: 298; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45; Tang, J., Li, et al. 1995: 38; Mathew & Tiwari, 2000: 282; Zhou, 2001b: 47; Lin & Wu, 2003: 67; Jaitrong & Nabhitabhata, 2005: 30; Yamane, 2009: 4 (redescription); Terayama, 2009: 104; Mohanraj, et al. 2010: 7; Pfeiffer, et al. 2011: 57; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 60.
    • Senior synonym of nitens: Yamane, 2009: 3, 6 (in text).
    • Distribution: China, India (+ Andaman Is), Indonesia (Java, Riau Is, Sumatra), Japan, Malaysia (Peninsula, Sabah, Sarawak), Myanmar, Philippines (Basilan, Luzon, Negros, Panay, Romblon), Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.
    • [Note: distribution probably inaccurate because of confusion of denticulata and transversa in the past.]
    • Current subspecies: nominal plus biconcentrica, infuscata.
  • nitens. Odontoponera transversa subsp. nitens Creighton, 1929: 154 (w.) BORNEO (East Malaysia: Sabah, Sarawak), INDONESIA (Java, Sumatra, Riau Is), SINGAPORE.
    • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated, “a series”).
    • Type-locality: Malaysia: Sabah (E. Mjöberg).
    • Type-depository: LACM, MCZC.
    • Subpecies of transversa: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 67; Bolton, 1995b: 298; Pfeiffer, et al. 2011: 57 (error).
    • Junior synonym of transversa: Yamane, 2009: 3, 6 (in text).

Type Material

  • Ponera transversa: Syntype, 4 workers, Singapore, Alfred Wallace, The Natural History Museum.
  • Odontoponera transversa nitens: Syntype, "a series of workers", Sabah, Malaysia, E. Mjoberg.
  • Ponera reticulata: Holotype, male, Myanmar, Mrs Waring, The Natural History Museum.

The following notes on F. Smith type specimens have been provided by Barry Bolton (details):

Ponera reticulata

Holotype male in The Natural History Museum. Labelled “Birmah. 57/16.” Acc. Reg.: “1857 no. 16. Birmah. Purchased from Stevens. Collected by Mrs Waring.” Also with a Donisthorpe det. label dated 30.vii.1932, “Odontoponera transversa Smith, male.”

Ponera transversa

Four worker syntypes in The Natural History Museum. Labelled “SINC. 55/9.” Acc. Reg.: “1855 no. 9. Singapore (Malacca). Purchased of Stevens. Collected by Mr Alfred Wallace.” Two of the specimens also bear Farren White labels and old yellow “cotype” labels, and one has the det. “P. transversa Smith.” These four specimens are equipped with the The Natural History Museum blue syntype label.

A worker in Oxford University Museum of Natural History, labelled “Sing. 5,” has been indicated as type by Donisthorpe. This does not appear to belong to the same series as the The Natural History Museum specimens and is provisionally excluded from the syntype series.

Description

Karyotype

  • n = 23, 2n = 46, karyotype = 14M+32A (India) (Imai et al., 1984; Mariano et al., 2015) (the karyotype has been published only for the Indian poplations).
  • n = 21, 2n = 42 (Indonesia) (Imai et al., 1985; Mariano et al., 2015).

References

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