Pseudoneoponera tridentata

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Pseudoneoponera tridentata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Ponerinae
Tribe: Ponerini
Genus: Pseudoneoponera
Species: P. tridentata
Binomial name
Pseudoneoponera tridentata
Smith, F., 1858

Pachycondyla tridentata casent0217571 p 1 high.jpg

Pachycondyla tridentata casent0217571 d 1 high.jpg

Specimen Labels

Subspecies
At a Glance • Gamergate  

Identification

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 5.016666667° to -5.304919°.

 
North
Temperate
North
Subtropical
Tropical South
Subtropical
South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Borneo (type locality), Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore.

Distribution based on AntMaps

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Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
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Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.
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Biology

Queens and gamergates can cohabit in the same colonies of P. tridentata (Sommer & Hölldobler 1992; Sommer et al. 1994). Some dealated queens do not lay eggs because they are behaviourally dominated by gamergates.

Castes

Winged queens are similar in body size to workers.

Pseudoneoponera-tridentata-hef1 25.jpgPseudoneoponera-tridentata-hal71.jpgPseudoneoponera-tridentata-had71.jpgPseudoneoponera-tridentata-lbs.jpg
. Owned by Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Images from AntWeb

Pachycondyla tridentata casent0270004 p 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0270004 d 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0270004 h 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0270004 l 1 high.jpg
Worker. Specimen code casent0270004. Photographer Noel Tawatao, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. Owned by CAS, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Pachycondyla tridentata casent0901365 h 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0901365 d 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0901365 p 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0901365 l 1 high.jpg
Syntype of Pachycondyla tridentataWorker. Specimen code casent0901365. Photographer Will Ericson, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. Owned by OUM, Oxford, UK.
Pachycondyla tridentata casent0902481 p 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0902481 h 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0902481 d 1 high.jpgPachycondyla tridentata casent0902481 l 1 high.jpg
Syntype of Pachycondyla tridentataWorker. Specimen code casent0902481. Photographer Will Ericson, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. Owned by NHMUK, London, UK.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • tridentata. Pachycondyla tridentata Smith, F. 1858b: 106 (w.) BORNEO (East Malaysia: Sarawak).
    • Type-material: 3 syntype workers.
    • Type-locality: Malaysia: Borneo, Sarawak, “SAR.”, and “Borneo. 57/36” (no collector’s name).
    • Type-depositories: BMNH, OXUM.
    • [Note: the OXUM syntype, labelled only “SAR.” has been remounted in the past by cutting short the large pin through the mesosoma, and driving it through a piece of card. In the 2 BMNH syntypes the original pins are the only ones present.]
    • Wheeler, W.M. 1919e: 142 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 45; Imai, et al. 1984: 67 (k.).
    • [Misspelled as tridens by Santschi, 1928h: 124.]
    • Combination in Ponera: Roger, 1860: 287;
    • combination in Pachycondyla (Bothroponera): Emery, 1900d: 667;
    • combination in Bothroponera: Mayr, 1872: 149; Wheeler, W.M. 1919e: 55;
    • combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 311;
    • combination in Pseudoneoponera: Schmidt, C.A. & Shattuck, 2014: 135.
    • Subspecies of rufipes: Roger, 1860: 287.
    • Junior synonym of rufipes: Mayr, 1863: 450.
    • Status as species: Mayr, 1872: 149; Emery, 1887b: 442 (in key, footnote); Emery, 1888a: 531; Dalla Torre, 1893: 37; Emery, 1900d: 667; Emery, 1911d: 77; Forel, 1912n: 52; Forel, 1913k: 7; Forel, 1915a: 23; Viehmeyer, 1916a: 113; Wheeler, W.M. 1919e: 55; Crawley, 1924: 384; Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 67; Santschi, 1928h: 124; Menozzi, 1930a: 1; Menozzi, 1932d: 4; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 51; Baltazar, 1966: 241; Bolton, 1995b: 311; Pfeiffer, et al. 2011: 57.
    • Distribution: Indonesia (Nias, Simeulue, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sarawak), Philippines (Jolo, Tawi-Tawi), Singapore.
    • Current subspecies: nominal plus debilior, exasperans.

The following notes on F. Smith type specimens have been provided by Barry Bolton (details):

Ponera tridentata

Two worker syntypes in The Natural History Museum, one worker syntype in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Of the The Natural History Museum specimens, one has two data discs, “SAR.” and “Borneo. 57/36.” Acc. Reg.: “1857 no. 36 (May 2) Borneo. Purchased of Stevens.” The second is labelled as “P. tridentata Sm. type” and has a note in Donisthorpe’s handwriting, “Borneo. Sarawak.”

The Oxford University Museum of Natural History syntype, labelled only “SAR.” has been remounted in the past by cutting short the large pin through the thorax, and driving it through a piece of card. In the The Natural History Museum specimens the original pin is the only one present.

Description

Karyotype

  • n = 14, 2n = 28 (Malaysia) (Imai et al., 1983; Mariano et al., 2015) (as Pachycondyla tridentata).

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

  • Berghoff S.M., U. Maschwitz, and K.E. Linsemair. 2003. Hypogaeic and epigaeic ant diversity on Borneo: evaluation of baited sieve buckets as a study method. Tropical Zoology 16: 153-163.
  • Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
  • Crawley W.C. 1924. Ants from Sumatra, with biological notes by Edward Jacobson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)13: 380-409
  • Eguchi K., and S. Yamane. 2003. Species diversity of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a lowland rainforest, northwestern Borneo. New Entomol. 52(1,2): 49-59.
  • Emery C. 1887. Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte terza. Formiche della regione Indo-Malese e dell'Australia (continuazione e fine). [concl.]. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. 25(5): 427-473.
  • Emery C. 1888. Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte terza . Formiche raccolte dal sig. Elio Modigliani in Sumatra e nell'isola Nias. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 25: 528-534.
  • Emery C. 1911. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Ponerinae. Genera Insectorum 118: 1-125.
  • Emery C. Formiche raccolte da Elio Modigliani in Sumatra, Engano e Mentawei. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 40: 661-722.
  • Emery, C. "Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte terza. Formiche della regione Indo-Malese e dell'Australia (continuazione e fine)." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria (Genova) (2) 5, no. 25 (1887): 427-473.
  • Emery, C. "Formiche raccolte da Elio Modigliani in Sumatra, Engano e Mentawei." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria (Genova) (2) 20, no. 40 (1900): 661-722.
  • Fayle T. M., D. P. Edwards, E. C. Turner, A. J. Dumbrell, P. Eggleton, and W. A. Foster. 2012. Public goods, public services and by-product mutualism in an ant–fern symbiosis. Oikos 121(8): 1279-1286.
  • Forel A. 1911. Die Ameisen des K. Zoologischen Museums in München. Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Kl. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Münch. 11: 249-303.
  • Forel A. 1912. Einige neue und interessante Ameisenformen aus Sumatra etc. Zool. Jahrb. Suppl. 15: 51-78.
  • Forel A. 1913k. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise nach Ostindien ausgeführt im Auftrage der Kgl. Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin von H. v. Buttel-Reepen. II. Ameisen aus Sumatra, Java, Malacca und Ceylon. Gesammelt von Herrn Prof. Dr. v. Buttel-Reepen in den Jahren 1911-1912. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 36:1-148.
  • Forel A. 1915. Fauna Simalurensis. Hymenoptera Aculeata, Fam. Formicidae. Tijdschr. Entomol. 58: 22-43.
  • Hashimoto Y., Y. Morimoto, and M. Mohamed. 2003. Species List of Ground and Leaf Litter Ants Collected in Lower Kinabatangan. Pp 13-18. In Lower Kinabatangan Scientific Expedition 2002, 176 pp. ISBN-13: 983-2369-11-8
  • Menozzi C. 1930. Formiche di Sumatra raccolte dal Prof. J. C. van der Meer Mohr. Miscellanea Zoologica Sumatrana 47: 1-5.
  • Menozzi, C. 1932. Formiche dell'Isola di Nias. Misc. Zool. Sumatr. 65: 1-13
  • Pfeiffer M., D. Mezger, and J. Dyckmans. 2013. Trophic ecology of tropical leaf litter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - a stable isotope study in four types of Bornean rain forest. Myrmecological News 19: 31-41.
  • Pfeiffer M., and D. Mezger. 2012. Biodiversity Assessment in Incomplete Inventories: Leaf Litter Ant Communities in Several Types of Bornean Rain Forest. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40729. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040890
  • Pfeiffer M.; Mezger, D.; Hosoishi, S.; Bakhtiar, E. Y.; Kohout, R. J. 2011. The Formicidae of Borneo (Insecta: Hymenoptera): a preliminary species list. Asian Myrmecology 4:9-58
  • Sukimin S., M. Mohamed, and H. Aris. 2010. Ant diversity of Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation 6:89-101.
  • Wheeler W. M. 1919. The ants of Borneo. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 63:43-147.
  • Wheeler W. M., and J. W. Chapman. 1925. The ants of the Philippine Islands. Part I, Dorylinae and Ponerinae. Philipp. J. Sci. 28: 47-73.
  • Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2013. Impacts of Intensive Logging on the Trophic Organisation of Ant Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot. PLoS ONE 8(4): e60756. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060756
  • Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, T. M. Fayle, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2011. The conservation value of South East Asia's highly degraded forests: evidence from leaf-litter ants. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 366: 3256-3264.
  • Yamane S.; Nona, A. R. 1994. Ants from Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak. Pp. 222-226 in: Inoue, T.; Hamid, A. A. (eds.) 1994. Plant reproductive systems and animal seasonal dynamics. Long-term study of dipterocarp forests in Sarawak. Kyoto: Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, vii + 255 pp. 
  • Yusah K. M., T. M. Fayle, G. Harris, and W. A. Foster. 2012. Optimizing diversity assesment protocols for high canopy ants in tropical rain forest. Biotropica 44(1): 73-81.