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Camponotus carbo
| Camponotus carbo | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Formicinae |
| Tribe: | Camponotini |
| Genus: | Camponotus |
| Species: | C. carbo |
| Binomial name | |
| Camponotus carbo Emery, 1877
| |
| Subspecies | |
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Reported as a savannah species by Lévieux & Louis (1975). In Benin, Taylor et al. (2018) found this species in Mangifera indica (mango) orchards, observed it as prey and an antagonist of Oecophylla longinoda, at base of Anacardium occidentale (cashew), and foraging on Acacia hockii, Acacia sieberiana and Entadda africana. It nests arboreally in hollow branches as well as in soil.
Identification
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 22° to 5.5°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Afrotropical Region: Benin, Eritrea (type locality), Ethiopia.
Palaearctic Region: Oman.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- carbo. Camponotus carbo Emery, 1877b: 364, fig. (w.) ERITREA.
- Combination in C. (Myrmotrema): Forel, 1913b: 341.
- Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 223; Emery, 1896d: 377 (in list); Emery, 1898a: 227; Mayr, 1902: 300; Santschi, 1915c: 271 (in key); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 976; Emery, 1925b: 130; Menozzi, 1933a: 112; Finzi, 1939a: 167; Bolton, 1995b: 91; Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 372; Borowiec, L. 2014: 28 (see note in bibliography); Madl, 2019: 14.
- Current subspecies: nominal plus honorus, occidentalis.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Collingwood and Agosti (1996) - HL 3.0; HW 2.3; SL 2.4; EL 0.32. The clypeus projects slightly in front of the head side margins and has the front border with a broken, bluntly serrated edge. It has a distinct keel which continues posteriorly as an indented line between the frontal ridges. The head is densely sculptured, microreticulate and dull with scattered large punctures towards the genae and across the clypeus and lower frons, also the proximal third of the scape which widens from its narrow base to about 1.5 times its width near the apex. The alitrunk dorsum forms a simple arch in side view but with distinct promesonotal and mesopropodeal sutures. The petiole is a simple scale nearly as high as the propodeum. The dense sculpture of the head continues over the alitrunk; the gaster is more finely reticulostriate and the general appearance is dull without shine. In dorsal view short hairs project round the head from the occiput to the anterior genal margins. There are numerous longer hairs on the pronotum, on the posterior border of the propodeum and on the gastral dorsum.
Type Material
- Holotype, worker, Bogos, Sciotel, 21–26 km SW Keren, near the mountain Zad Amba (Zadamba), Eritrea, 15°35′0″N 38°20′0″E / 15.583333°N 38.333333°E, 1870, O. Beccari, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna; see Madl, 2019.
References
- Borowiec, L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
- Collingwood, C. A. and D. Agosti. 1996. Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of Saudi Arabia (part 2). Fauna Saudi Arabia. 15:300-385.
- Emery, C. 1877a. Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte prima. Formiche provenienti dal Viaggio dei signori Antinori, Beccari e Issel nel Mar Rosso e nel paese dei Bogos. [part]. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. 9: (page 364, fig. worker described)
- Forel, A. 1913b. Formicides du Congo Belge récoltés par MM. Bequaert, Luja, etc. Rev. Zool. Afr. (Bruss.) 2: 306-351 (page 341, combination in C. (Myrmotrema))
- Levieux, J., Louis, D. 1975. La nutrition des fourmis tropicales. II. Comportement alimentaire et régime de Camponotus vividus (Smith) (Hymenoptera Formicidae). Comparaison Intragénérique. Insectes Sociaux 22: 391–404 (doi:10.1007/BF02224114).
- Madl, M. 2019. Notes on the ant fauna of Eritrea (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae): type specimens deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna (Austria) and a preliminary checklist. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, B, 121, 9-18.
- Taylor, B., Agoinon, N., Sinzogan, A., Adandonon, A., Kouaguou, Y. N., Bello, S., Wargui, R., Anato, F., Ouagoussounon, I., Houngbo, H., Tchibozo, S., Todjihounde, R., Vayssieres, J.F. 2018. Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 8(1): 6-29 (doi:10.12976/jib/2018.08.1.2).
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Borowiec L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
- Collingwood, C. A. and D. Agosti. 1996. Formicidae (Insects: Hymenoptera) of Saudi Arabia (Part 2) Fauna of Saudi Arabia 15: 300-385.
- Finzi B. 1939. Materiali zoologici dell'Eritrea raccolti da G. Müller durante la spedizione dell'Istituto Sieroterapico Milanese e conservati al Museo di Trieste. Parte III. Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Atti del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Trieste 14: 153-168.
- Lévieux J. 1972. Les fourmis de la savane de Lamto (Côte d'Ivoire): éléments de taxonomie. Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire. Série A. Sciences Naturelles 34: 611-654.
- Madl M. 2019. Notes on the ant fauna of Eritrea (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae): type specimens deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna (Austria) and a preliminary checklist. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 9-18.
- Menozzi C. 1932. Raccolte mirmecologiche dell'Africa orientale conservate nel Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova. Parte II. Formiche dell'Uganda e delle isole Sesse raccolte dal Dr. E. Bayon. [part]. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria. 56: 93-112.
- Santschi F. 1915. Nouvelles fourmis d'Afrique. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 84: 244-282.
- Sharaf M. R., B. L. Fisher, H. M. Al Dhafer, A. Polaszek, and A. S. Aldawood. 2018. Additions to the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Oman: an updated list, new records and a description of two new species. Asian Myrmecology 10: e010004
- Taylor B., N. Agoinon, A. Sinzogan, A. Adandonon, Y. N'Da Kouagou, S. Bello, R. Wargui, F. Anato, I. Ouagoussounon, H. Houngbo, S. Tchibozo, R. Todjhounde, and J. F. Vayssieres. 2018. Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 8(1): 006–029.
- Wheeler W. M. 1922. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VIII. A synonymic list of the ants of the Ethiopian region. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 45: 711-1004