Hymenopteran Associates
Hymenopteran parasitoids of ants have been well-reviewed by Lachaud and Perez-Lachaud (2012) and by Schmid-Hempel (1998) (Schmid-Hempel, 1998; Lachaud & Pérez-Lachaud, 2012). Quevillon & Hughes (2018) summarize interesting aspects of parasite biology for each hymenopteran family below and report 355 records of Hymenoptera from 11 families infecting ants. The majority of these records come from the Eucharitidae, which are ecto- and endoparasitoids of ant brood, followed by the Braconidae, Diapriidae, and Encyrtidae.
Agaonidae
The family Agaonidae is a group of pollinating and non-pollinating fig wasps. They spend their larval stage inside the fruits of figs. The pollinating wasps (Agaoninae, Kradibiinae, and Tetrapusiinae) are the mutualistic partners of the fig trees. The non-pollinating fig wasps are parasitic.
List of Ants Known to Host Agaonid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crematogaster scutellaris | Blastophaga psenes | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Aphelinidae
The Aphelinidae are a moderate-sized family of tiny parasitic wasps, with about 1160 described species in some 35 genera. The larvae of the majority are primary parasitoids on Hemiptera, though other hosts are attacked, and details of the life history can be variable (e.g., some attack eggs, some attack pupae, and others are hyperparasites). Males and females may have different hosts and different life histories. They are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats, and are extremely important as biological control agents.
List of Ants Known to Host Aphelinid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Camponotus nylanderi | Aphytis melinus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Coccophagus chaetosus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Coccophagus saltator | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Coccophagus tetrastichoides | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster dohrni | Coccophagus saltator | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Dolichoderus | Coccophagus pumilus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Dolichoderus thoracicus | Coccophagus diminutus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Dolichoderus thoracicus | Coccophagus pumilus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Formica aerata | Aphytis melinus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Aphytis melinus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Cales noacki | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Eretmocerus sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Tapinoma erraticum | Aphytis melinus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Chalcididae
The Chalcididae are a moderate-sized family within the Chalcidoidea, composed mostly of parasitoids and a few hyperparasitoids. As presently defined, there are over 85 genera and over 1460 species worldwide.
List of Ants Known to Host Chalcid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Camponotus compressus | Epitranus chilkaensis | Narendran, 1989; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Oecophylla smaragdina | Smicromorpha doddi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Oecophylla smaragdina | Smicromorpha keralensis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Oecophylla smaragdina | Smicromorpha lagynos | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Oecophylla smaragdina | Smicromorpha masneri | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate, primary host | |
Oecophylla smaragdina | Smicromorpha minera | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole titanis | Notaspidium sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Diapriidae
The Diapriidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. These tiny insects have an average length of 2–4 mm and never exceed 8 mm. They typically attack larvae and pupae of a wide range of insects, especially flies. The about 2,300 described species in 150 genera occur world-wide.
List of Ants Known to Host Diapriid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acromyrmex ambiguus | Szelenyiopria lucens | Brazil, Uruguay | Loiacono, 1987; Loiacono et al., 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Acromyrmex lobicornis | Szelenyiopria pampeana | Argentina | Loiácono et al., 2000; Loiácono & Margaría, 2009; Loiacono et al., 2013; Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Acromyrmex lobicornis | Trichopria formicans | Argentina | Loiacono et al., 2000; Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Acromyrmex lobicornis | Trichopria sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Acromyrmex lundii | Bruchopria hexatoma | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Acromyrmex lundii | Doliopria myrmecobia | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Apterostigma auriculatum | Leucopria | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Atta texana | Coptera pholeomyiae | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Camponotus rufipes | Coecopria plaumanni | www.diapriid.org | ||
Camponotus rufipes | Coecopria pygmea | www.diapriid.org | ||
Cyphomyrmex | Acanthopria sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Cyphomyrmex minutus | Acanthopria sp. 1 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex minutus | Acanthopria sp. 5 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex minutus | Acanthopria spp. | Puerto Rico | Fernández-Marín et al., 2006 | |
Cyphomyrmex rimosus | Acanthopria sp. 1 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex rimosus | Acanthopria spp. | Panama | Fernández-Marín et al., 2006 | at least 4 species of ''Acanthopria'' involved |
Cyphomyrmex rimosus | Mimopriella sp. | Panama | Fernández-Marín et al., 2006 | |
Cyphomyrmex salvini | Acanthopria sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 1 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 2 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 3 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 4 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 5 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 6 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 7 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Cyphomyrmex transversus | Acanthopria sp. 8 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Eciton | Szelenyiopria sp. | Loiacono, 1987; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | ||
Eciton burchellii | Acanthopria gracilicornis | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton burchellii | Doliopria collegii | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Eciton burchellii | Doliopria collegii | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org | |
Eciton burchellii | Doliopria flavipes | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton burchellii | Paramesius brasiliensis | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton burchellii | Trichopria catarinensis | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton dulcium | Notoxoides pronotalis | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org | |
Eciton hamatum | Mimopria campbellorum | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Eciton hamatum | Mimopria ecitophila | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Eciton hamatum | Mimopria ecitophila? | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Eciton quadriglume | Acanthopria gracilicornis | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton quadriglume | Acanthopria myrmecophila | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton quadriglume | Doliopria collegii | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org | |
Eciton quadriglume | Oxypria collegiales | www.diapriid.org | ||
Eciton quadriglume | Szelenyiopria reichenspergeri | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org | |
Eciton vagans | Labidopria sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Formica rufa | Synacra sociabilis | www.diapriid.org | found with or associated with | |
Formica rufa | Trichopria aequata | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Formica rufa | Trichopria verticillata | www.diapriid.org | found with or associated with | |
Labidus | Labridopria sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Labidus coecus | Mimopria comes | www.diapriid.org | ||
Labidus praedator | Labidopria longicornis | www.diapriid.org | ||
Lepisiota | Adelioneiva rudebecki | South Africa | ||
Lepisiota | Ferrieropria sp. | South Africa | www.diapriid.org | |
Linepithema humile | Basalys sp. | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Linepithema humile | Trichopria sp. | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Acanthopria sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Acanthopria sp. | Panama | Pérez-Ortega et al., 2010 | ant species as ''Trachymyrmex'' cf. ''zeteki'' |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Mimopriella sp. | Panama | Pérez-Ortega et al., 2010 | ant species as ''Trachymyrmex'' cf. ''zeteki'' |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Mimopriella sp. 1 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Mimopriella sp. 2 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Oxypria sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Oxypria sp. | Panama | Pérez-Ortega et al., 2010 | ant species as ''Trachymyrmex'' cf. ''zeteki'' |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Szelenyiopria sp. | Panama | Pérez-Ortega et al., 2010 | ant species as ''Trachymyrmex'' cf. ''zeteki'' |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Szelenyiopria sp. 1 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Mycetomoellerius zeteki | Szelenyiopria sp. 2 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmica americana | Trichopria myrmicae | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex carettei | Asolenopsia rufa | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Neivamyrmex carolinensis | Apopria sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex carolinensis | Myrmecopria mellea | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex cristatus | Notoxoides cornutus | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex gibbatus | Acanthopria sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex goeldii | Mimopria goeldii | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex goeldii | Mimopria pentatoma | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex legionis | Euplacopria mutilata | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex legionis | Philolestoides wasmanni | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex legionis | Szelenyiopria reichenspergeri | Brazil, Argentina | Loiacono, 1987; Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org | |
Neivamyrmex minensis | Neivapria penicillata | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex nigrescens | Ecitovagus gibbus | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex opacithorax | Apopria coveri | Masner & Garcia, 2002 | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex opacithorax | Apopria sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Neivamyrmex opacithorax | Myrmecopria mellea | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex pseudops | Asolenopsia schwarzmaieri | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex pseudops | Euplacopria mutilata | www.diapriid.org | ||
Neivamyrmex pseudops | Notoxoides pedissequus | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org | |
Neivamyrmex sulcatus | Notaxoides pronatalis | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Neivamyrmex sulcatus | Notoxoides pronotalis | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Neivamyrmex texanus | Apopria coveri | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Nomamyrmex | Myrmecopria mellea | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Nomamyrmex esenbeckii | Mimopria barbata | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Nomamyrmex esenbeckii | Mimopria barbata | www.diapriid.org | ||
Nomamyrmex esenbeckii | Mimopria comes | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Nomamyrmex esenbeckii | Mimopria comes | www.diapriid.org | ||
Nomamyrmex hartigii | Mimopria comes | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Nomamyrmex hartigii | Mimopria comes | www.diapriid.org | ||
Plagiolepis pygmaea | Plagiopria passerai | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Ponera coarctata | Synacra brevipennis | Nixon, 1957 | ||
Solenopsis | Bruesopria sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Solenopsis carolinensis | Auxopaedeutes sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Solenopsis fugax | Solenopsia imitatrix | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Solenopsis molesta | Auxopaedeutes sp. | www.diapriid.org | potential host | |
Solenopsis richteri | Bruchopria hexatoma | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Solenopsis richteri | Bruchopria pentatoma | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Solenopsis richteri | Bruchopria pentatoma? | Masner & Garcia, 2002 | potential host | |
Solenopsis richteri | Trichopria myrmecophila | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Solenopsis saevissima | Bruchopria hexatoma | www.diapriid.org | ||
Solenopsis saevissima | Pentapria cf. nodicornis | Argentina | Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016 | |
Solenopsis saevissima | Pentapria nodicornis | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Trachymyrmex | Mimopriella sp. |
Encyrtidae
Encyrtidae is a large family of parasitic wasps, with some 3710 described species in about 455 genera. The larvae of the majority are primary parasitoids on Hemiptera, though other hosts are attacked, and details of the life history can be variable (e.g., some attack eggs, some attack larvae, others are hyperparasites, and some Encyrtidae develop as parasitoids of ticks). They are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats, and are extremely important as biological control agents.
List of Ants Known to Host Encyrtid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Azteca xanthochroa | Aenasius tachigaliae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus | Arketypon vaderi | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Camponotus | Arketypon vaderi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus acvapimensis | Anagyrus lopezi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus brutus | Ooencrytus sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Camponotus brutus | Ooencyrtus sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus flavomarginatus | Anagyrus lopezi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus nylanderi | Leptomastix dactylopii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Aenasius tachigaliae | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Crematogaster | Aenasius tachigaliae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Astymachus phainae | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Crematogaster | Astymachus phainae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Encyrtus ingae | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Crematogaster | Encyrtus ingae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Encyrtus ludmilae | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Crematogaster | Encyrtus ludmilae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster | Metaphycus monastyrskii | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Crematogaster | Metaphycus monastyrskii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster curvispinosa | Aenasius tachigaliae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster dohrni | Encyrtus ingae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster luctans | Anagyrus lopezi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Dolichoderus | Microterys roseni | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Dolichoderus | Microterys roseni | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Dolichoderus thoracicus | Microterys roseni | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Dolichoderus thoracicus | Microterys roseni | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Formica aerata | Comperiella bifasciata | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Iridomyrmex rufoniger | Ananusia longiscapus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius niger | Anicetus beneficus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius niger | Bothriothorax intermedius | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius niger | Syrphophagus aphidivorus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Ananusia longiscapus | Quevillon, 2018 | as Iridomyrmex domestica | |
Linepithema humile | Comperiella bifasciata | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Linepithema humile | Comperiella bifasciata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Leptomastix dactylopii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Metaphycus anneckei | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Metaphycus hageni | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Linepithema humile | Metaphycus lounsburyi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Monomorium | Anagyrus lopezi | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Monomorium | Anagyrus lopezi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Myrmica rubra | Syrphophagus aphidivorus | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Myrmica rubra | Syrphophagus aphidivorus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Myrmicaria opaciventris | Ooencrytus sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Myrmicaria opaciventris | Ooencyrtus sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Neoponera goeldii | Blanchardiscus pollux | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Ochetellus glaber | Ananusia australis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Oecophylla longinoda | Anagyrus lopezi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Oecophylla smaragdina | Anagyrus lopezi | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Oecophylla smaragdina | Paraphaenodiscus udayveeri | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Pheidole | Holcencyrtus wheeleri | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Pheidole | Holcencyrtus wheeleri | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Pheidole ceres | Pheidoloxenus wheeleri | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Pheidole polita | Holcencyrtus wheeleri | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Pheidole tepicana | Holcencyrtus wheeleri | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate, primary host | |
Tapinoma erraticum | Leptomastix dactylopii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Eucharitidae
The Eucharitidae are a family of parasitic wasps and are members of the superfamily Chalcidoidea with 55 genera and 417 species. They are found in tropical regions of the world.
Eucharitids are specialized parasitoids of ants, with each species usually only parasitic of one genus of ant. They are one of the few parasitoids that have been able to use ants as hosts, despite ants’ effective defence systems against most parasitoids. Eucharitid parasitism occurs year-round, with a majority of it occurring during hot and humid months. However, the amount of parasitism that occurs depends primarily on the size of the ant colony and the number of host pupae in them, and not on the season.
See Eucharitid Wasps for further details.
List of Ants Known to Host Eucharitid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anoplolepis | Athairocharis vannoorti | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Anoplolepis | Athairocharis vannoorti | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Calomyrmex purpureus | Stilbuloida calomyrmecis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Ancylotropus manipurensis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Ancylotropus manipurensis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Lophyrocera variabilis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Lophyrocera variabilis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Mateucharis rugulosa | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Mateucharis rugulosa | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Pseudochalcura americana | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode secondary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Pseudochalcura gibbosa | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Pseudochalcura nigrocyanea | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode secondary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Pseudochalcura nigrocyanea | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus | Rhipipalloidea madangensis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Rhipipalloidea madangensis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Rhipipalloidea sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Rhipipalloidea sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Stilbula cyniformis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Stilbula cyniformis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Stilbuloida doddi | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Stilbuloida doddi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Zulucharis campbelli | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Zulucharis campbelli | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus aethiops | Stilbula cyniformis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus aethiops | Stilbula cyniformis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus atriceps | Obeza floridana | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus atriceps | Obeza floridana | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus floridanus | Obeza floridana | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus herculeanus | Stilbula cyniformis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus maculatus | Hydrorhoa striaticeps Kieffer complex | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus maculatus | Stilbula cyniformis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus novaeboracensis | Pseudochalcura gibbosa | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus obscuripes | Stilbula cyniformis tenuicornis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus planatus | Pseudochalcura sculpturata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Cataglyphis nodus | Eucharis microcephala | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Cataglyphis viatica | Eucharis bedeli | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Diacamma scalpratum | Schizaspidia diacammae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Diacamma scalpratum | Schizaspidia diacammae | Thailand | Peeters et al. 2015 | |
Dinoponera lucida | Kapala sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Eciton burchellii | Isomerala azteca | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Eciton quadriglume | Orasema rapo | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host; questionable, needs confirmation | |
Ectatomma | Tricoryna ectatommae | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Ectatomma | Tricoryna ectatommae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate, primary host | |
Ectatomma ruidum | Isomerala azteca | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Ectatomma ruidum | Isomerala coronata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Ectatomma ruidum | Kapala iridicolor | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Ectatomma ruidum | Kapala izapa | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Ectatomma ruidum | Kapala sulcifacies | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Ectatomma tuberculatum | Dilocantha lachaudii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Ectatomma tuberculatum | Isomerala azteca | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Ectatomma tuberculatum | Isomerala coronata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Ectatomma tuberculatum | Kapala sp. 2 | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica | Eucharis adscendens | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica | Eucharis adscendens | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Formica | Eucharis esakii | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica | Eucharis esakii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Formica cunicularia | Eucharis adscendens | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica neorufibarbis | Eucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica oreas | Orasema coloradensis | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica oreas | Orasema coloradensis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Formica oreas | Orasema sp. nr coloradensis | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica rufa | Chalcura sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Formica rufa | Eucharis adscendens | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Formica rufa | Eucharis bedeli | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Formica subnitens | Orasema coloradensis | Wheeler, 1907; Johnson et al., 1986; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | questionable, needs confirmation | |
Gnamptogenys regularis | Kapala iridicolor | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Gnamptogenys sulcata | Kapala iridicolor | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Gnamptogenys sulcata | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Gnamptogenys tortuolosa | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Holcoponera striatula | Kapala iridicolor | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Hypoponera nitidula | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Lasius | Pseudometagea schwarzii | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Lasius | Pseudometagea schwarzii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Lasius | Pseudometagea sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Lasius fuliginosus | Pseudometagea sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Lasius neoniger | Pseudometagea schwarzii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Messor | Eucharis adscendens | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Messor | Eucharis punctata | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Messor | Eucharis punctata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Messor barbarus | Eucharis adscendens | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Messor barbarus | Eucharis punctata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Messor concolor | Eucharis punctata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Messor structor | Eucharis shestakovi | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Monomorium | Orasema monomoria | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Monomorium | Zuparka monomoria | Heraty, 2000; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Myrmecia forficata | Austeucharis fasciiventris | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Myrmecia forficata | Austeucharis myrmeciae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Myrmecia gulosa | Austeucharis fasciiventris | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Myrmecia nigriceps | Austeucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmecia pavida | Austeucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmecia pilosula | Austeucharis implexa | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Myrmecia pilosula | Austeucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmecia pyriformis | Austeucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmecia tarsata | Austeucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmecia vindex | Austeucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Myrmica incompleta | Eucharis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Neoponera apicalis | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Neoponera verenae | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus | Kapala sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Odontomachus bauri | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus brunneus | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus chelifer | Latina rugosa | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate, primary host | |
Odontomachus haematodus | Chalcura deprivata | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Odontomachus haematodus | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus haematodus | Kapala terminalis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Odontomachus haematodus | Schizaspidia convergens | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Odontomachus hastatus | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus insularis | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus insularis | Kapala terminalis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Odontomachus laticeps | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus mayi | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus meinerti | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus opaciventris | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Odontomachus rixosus | Schizaspidia nasua | Heraty et al., 2015; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Odontomachus ruficeps | Chalcura affinis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Odontomachus troglodytes | Ancylotropus sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pachycondyla crassinoda | Kapala cuprea | Myers, 1931:276 | ||
Pachycondyla crassinoda | Kapala cuprea | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pachycondyla harpax | Kapala atrata | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pachycondyla harpax | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Paratrechina | Gollumiella longipetiolata | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Australosema valgius | Girault, 1913; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole | Hayatosema assectator | Das, 1963; Kerrich, 1963; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole | Losbanus "sp. nr. rugulosa" | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019 | primary host | |
Pheidole | Orasema "sp. 2 nr. bakeri" | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pheidole | Orasema "sp. 2 nr. bakeri" | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019 | ''Pheidole'' nr. ''californica'' | |
Pheidole | Orasema "sp. 2 nr. bakeri" | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019 | ''Pheidole'' nr. ''clementensis'' | |
Pheidole | Orasema assectator | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema minuta | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host; ''Pheidole'' nr. ''tetra'' | |
Pheidole | Orasema minuta | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema minutissima | Mann, 1918; Heraty, 1994; Wetterer & Porter, 2003; Burks et al. 2018; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pheidole | Orasema sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole | Orasema sp. nr. bouceki | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema sp. uichancoi-group | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema susanae | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema susanae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host; ''Pheidole'' nr. ''tetra'' | |
Pheidole | Orasema tolteca | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema tolteca | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole | Orasema valgius | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasema wayqecha | Herreid, 2015; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pheidole | Orasemorpha eribotes | Boucek, 1988; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole | Orasemorpha eribotes | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole | Orasemorpha myrmicae | Heraty, 1994; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole | Orasemorpha myrmicae | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole alfaroi | Orasema wayqecha | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole bicarinata | Orasema coloradensis | Wheeler, 1907; Johnson et al., 1986; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole bicarinata | Oresema sp. | Arizona | Stefan Cover (pers. obs.) | |
Pheidole bilimeki | Orasema sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole californica | Orasema sp. b2 nr bakeri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole capensis | Timioderus acuminatus | Heraty, 2000; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole ceres | Orasema wheeleri | Wheeler, 1907; Gahan, 1940; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole clementensis | Orasema sp. b2 nr bakeri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole dentata | Orasema achkola | Heraty, 1994; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pheidole dentata | Orasema evansi | Burks et al., 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole dentata | Orasema robertsoni | Van Pelt, 1950; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole dentata | Orasema sp. c1 near costari. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole dentata | Orasema sp.1 | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole dentata | Orasema viridis | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole dentata | Orasema wheeleri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole desertorum | Orasema simulatrix | Carey et al., 2012; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole flavens | Orasema costaricensis | Wheeler & Wheeler, 1937; Kempf, 1972; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole gibba | Orasema chunpi | Brazil | Silva & Casadei-Ferreira, 2020 | |
Pheidole hyatti | Orasema tolteca | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole nitidula | Orasema argentina | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole nitidula | Orasema worcesteri | Gemignani, 1933; Heraty et al., 1993; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole nitidula | Orasema worcesteri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole obtusospinosa | Orasema tolteca | Mann, 1914; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole paiute | Orasema sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole pilifera | Orasema occidentalis | Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pheidole proxima | Orasemorpha tridentata | Brues, 1934; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole radoszkowskii | Orasema worcesteri | Gemignani, 1933; Heraty et al., 1993; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole radoszkowskii | Orasema worcesteri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole sciophila | Orasema wheeleri | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole tasmaniensis | Orasemorpha xeniades | Heraty, 1994; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pheidole tetra | Orasema minuta | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole tetra | Orasema susanae | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pheidole vallifica | Orasema costaricensis | Wheeler & Wheeler, 1937; Kempf, 1972; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pheidole veteratrix | Ibitya communis | Burks et al., 2017; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Pogonomyrmex badius | Kapala floridana | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pogonomyrmex serpens | Galearia latreillei | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pogonomyrmex serpens | Galearia latreillei | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Polyrhachis | Rhipipalloidea sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Polyrhachis | Rhipipalloidea sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Polyrhachis | Stilbula arenae | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Polyrhachis | Stilbula arenae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host; ''Polyrhachis'' sp., ''Cyrtomyrma'' sp. | |
Polyrhachis dives | Stilbula polyrachicida | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Polyrhachis dives | Stilbula polyrhachicida | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Polyrhachis dives | Stilbuloida doddi | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Polyrhachis femorata | Rhipipalloidea mira | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Pseudoponera stigma | Kapala iridicolor | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pseudoponera stigma | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Rhytidoponera chalybaea | Chalcura sp. nr. polita | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Rhytidoponera metallica | Chalcura nigricyanea | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Rhytidoponera metallica | Chalcura polita | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Rhytidoponera metallica | Tricoryna chalcoponerae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Rhytidoponera metallica | Tricoryna minor | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Rhytidoponera victoriae | Tricoryna chalcoponerae | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Rhytidoponera victoriae | Tricoryna minor | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Rhytidoponera violacea | Stilbula cyniformis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Rhytidoponera violacea | Tricoryna alcicornis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Rhytidoponera violacea | Tricoryna sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Rhytidoponera violacea | Tricoryna sp. nr. alcicornis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Solenopsis | Orasema pireta | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Solenopsis | Orasema pireta | Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019 | primary host | |
Solenopsis | Orasema sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Solenopsis daguerrei | Orasema xanthopus | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Solenopsis geminata | Orasema sp. b1 nr bakeri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Solenopsis geminata | Orasema taii | Heraty, 1990; Chien & Heraty, 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host; ''Solenopsis geminata'' X ''xyloni'' hybrid | |
Solenopsis invicta | Orasema salebrosa | Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis invicta | Orasema simplex | Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis invicta | Orasema sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate, primary host | |
Solenopsis invicta | Orasema xanthopus | Silveira-Guido et al., 1964; Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis macdonaghi | Orasema salebrosa | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis macdonaghi | Orasema simplex | Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019 | ||
Solenopsis molesta | Orasema coloradensis | Wheeler, 1907; Johnson et al., 1986; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis quinquecuspis | Orasema aenea | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis quinquecuspis | Orasema freychei | Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; | ||
Solenopsis quinquecuspis | Orasema simplex | Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; | ||
Solenopsis quinquecuspis | Orasema xanthopus | Silveira-Guido et al., 1964; Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019 | primary host | |
Solenopsis richteri | Orasema salebrosa | Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis richteri | Orasema simplex | Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis richteri | Orasema xanthopus | Silveira-Guido et al., 1964; Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al. 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Solenopsis saevissima | Orasema xanthopus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate, primary host | |
Solenopsis tenuis | Orasema sixaolae | Wheeler & Wheeler, 1937; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Stictoponera menadensis | Pogonocharis browni | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Temnothorax allardycei | Orasema minuta | Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Temnothorax allardycei | Orasema minuta | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Typhlomyrmex rogenhoferi | Kapala sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Wasmannia auropunctata | Orasema minutissima | Mann, 1918; Heraty, 1994; Wetterer & Porter, 2003; Burks et al., 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Heraty et al., 2021; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Wasmannia sigmoidea | Orasema minutissima | Mann, 1918; Heraty, 1994; Wetterer & Porter, 2003; Burks et al., 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host |
Eulophidae
The Eulophidae are a large family of hymenopteran insects, with over 4,300 described species in some 300 genera. The larvae of a very few species feed on plants, but the majority are primary parasitoids on a huge range of arthropods at all stages of development. Eulophids are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats (one is even aquatic, parasitising psephenid beetles).
List of Ants Known to Host Eulophid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Camponotus | Horismenus microdonophagus | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Camponotus | Horismenus microdonophagus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus | Horismenus myrmecophagus | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Horismenus myrmecophagus | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus | Pediobius acraconae | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Camponotus atriceps | Horismenus floridensis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus atriceps | Horismenus floridensis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Camponotus floridanus | Horismenus floridensis | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus textor | Horismenus myrmecophagus | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Crematogaster | Myrmokata diparoides | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Crematogaster | Myrmokata diparoides | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Crematogaster | Myrmokata sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Crematogaster | Myrmokata sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Crematogaster acuta | Horismenus sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Crematogaster crinosa | Melittobia australica | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Crematogaster crinosa | Melittobia australica | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Crematogaster depressa | Pediobius acraconae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Dolichoderus | Myrmobomyia malayana | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Dolichoderus | Myrmobomyia malayana | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Eciton burchellii | Horismenus sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Formica pratensis | Melittobia acasta | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Lepisiota | Pediobius marjorae | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Lepisiota | Pediobius marjoriae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Myrmecocystus mexicanus | Tetrastichus sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Technomyrmex fulvus | Microdonophagus woodleyi | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Eupelmidae
Eupelmidae is a family of parasitic wasps in the superfamily Chalcidoidea. As presently defined, there are over 905 described species in 45 genera. The larvae of the majority are primary parasitoids, commonly on beetle larvae, though many other hosts are attacked, including spiders, and details of the life history can be variable (e.g., some attack eggs and others are hyperparasites). They are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats.
List of Ants Known to Host Eupelmid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pseudomyrmex elongatulus | Anastatus reduvii | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Pseudomyrmex elongatulus | Anastatus reduvii | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Temnothorax purpuratus | Anastatus myrmecobius | Quevillon, 2018 | multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Temnothorax purpuratus | Anastatus myrmecobius | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Eurytomidae
The Eurytomidae are a family within the superfamily Chalcidoidea. As presently defined, some 1420 species in 87 genera are described. Unlike most chalcidoids, the larvae of many are phytophagous (feeding in stems, seeds, or galls), while others are more typical parasitoids, though even then the hosts are usually found within plant tissues. They are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats, and a few are considered pests.
List of Ants Known to Host Eurytomid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Azteca alfari | Aximopsis affinis | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Azteca alfari | Aximopsis aztecicida | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Azteca alfari | Aximopsis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Azteca australis | Aximopsis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Azteca constructor | Aximopsis aztecicida | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | primary host | |
Azteca ovaticeps | Aximopsis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Azteca pittieri | Aximopsis affinis | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Azteca salti | Aximopsis sp. | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest | |
Camponotus | Camponotophilus delvarei | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Camponotus textor | Camponotophilus delvarei | Quevillon, 2018 | ||
Formica obscuripes | Sycophila sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate |
Pteromalidae
The Pteromalidae are a very large family of mostly parasitoid wasps, with some 3,450 described species in about 640 genera. The majority are (as with most chalcidoids) parasitoids of other insects. They are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats, and many are important as biological control agents.
List of Ants Known to Host Pteromalid Wasps
Ant | Wasp Species | Locality | Source | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Atta mexicana | Spalangia attae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Atta texana | Spalangia attae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Crematogaster scutellaris | Philotrypesis caricae | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius fuliginosus | Spalangia crassicornis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius fuliginosus | Spalangia nigripes | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius niger | Asaphes vulgaris | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius niger | Caenacis sp. | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Lasius niger | Pachyneuron aphidis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Myrmica rubra | Asaphes vulgaris | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Myrmica rubra | Pachyneuron aphidis | Universal Chalcidoidea Database | associate | |
Pheidole ceres | Pheidoloxenus wheeleri | Quevillon, 2018 | encounter mode unknown; direct transmission; transmission outside nest |
|