Poneropterus
†Poneropterus Temporal range: Early/Lower Campanian, Cretaceous Ola Formation, Tenkinskii, Russian Federation | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hymenoptera |
Family: | Formicidae |
Subfamily: | Uncertain |
Genus: | †Poneropterus Dlussky, 1983 |
Type species | |
Poneropterus sphecoides | |
Diversity | |
Single species: Poneropterus sphecoides |
Identification
Distribution
This taxon is known from Ola Formation, Tenkinskii, Russian Federation (Early/Lower Campanian, Cretaceous).
Castes
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- †PONEROPTERUS [incertae sedis in Formicidae]
- †Poneropterus Dlussky, 1983: 73. Type-species: †Poneropterus sphecoides, by original designation.
Taxonomic history
- †Poneropterus in †Armaniidae: Dlussky, 1983: 67; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Grimaldi, et al. 1997: 7.
- †Poneropterus in †Sphecomyrminae: Wilson, 1987: 49.
- †Poneropterus in †Armaniinae, †Armaniini: Bolton, 1994: 187; Bolton, 2003: 260.
- †Poneropterus incertae sedis in Formicidae: Borysenko, 2017: 14.
- †Poneropterus as junior synonym of †Sphecomyrma: Wilson, 1987: 49; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9.
- †Poneropterus as genus: Wilson, 1987: 49; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Carpenter, 1992: 494; Grimaldi, et al. 1997: 7; subsequent authors.
- †Poneropterus catalogues: Bolton, 1995b: 363.
- †Poneropterus references: Grimaldi, et al. 1997: 5 (notes).
References
- Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 222 pp. (page 187, Poneropterus in Armaniinae)
- Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 363, Poneropterus as genus)
- Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 260, Poneropterus in Armaniinae, Armaniini)
- Borysenko, L.H. 2017. Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insecta Mundi 570: 1–57.
- Carpenter, F. M. 1992. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part R. Arthropoda 4. Volume 4. Superclass Hexapoda. Boulder: Geological Society of America, pp. i-ii, 279-655. (page 494, Poneropterus revived from synonymy)
- Dlussky, G. M. 1983. A new family of Upper Cretaceous Hymenoptera: an "intermediate link" between the ants and the scolioids. Paleontol. Zh. 1983(3 3: 65-78 (page 67, 73, Poneropterus as genus; Poneropterus in Armaniidae)
- Dlussky, G. M.; Fedoseeva, E. B. 1988. Origin and early stages of evolution in ants. Pp. 70-144 in: Ponomarenko, A. G. (ed.) Cretaceous biocenotic crisis and insect evolution. Moskva: Nauka, 232 pp. (page 77, Poneropterus revived from synonymy; Poneropterus in Armaniidae)
- Grimaldi, D.; Agosti, D.; Carpenter, J. M. 1997. New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships. American Museum Novitates 3208: 1-43 (page 7, Poneropterus in Armaniidae; Poneropterus as genus)
- Hölldobler, B.; Wilson, E. O. 1990. The ants. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, xii + 732 pp. (page 9, Junior synonym of Sphecomyrma)
- Wilson, E. O. 1987b. The earliest known ants: an analysis of the Cretaceous species and an inference concerning their social organization. Paleobiol. 13: 44-53 (page 49, Junior synonym of Sphecomyrma; Poneropterus in Sphecomyrminae)