Portugal

Portugal
Location
Region	Europe
Subregion	Southern Europe
BioRegion	Palaearctic Region
Diversity
Subfamilies	6
Genera	36
Endemic Genera	0
% Endemic Genera	0.0%
Species/Subspecies	144
Endemic Species	3
% Endemic Species	2.1%
Introduced Species	1

The following valid species and subspecies of ants are known to occur in Portugal. Unidentified and undescribed species will be added to this list as identifications are verified and taxonomic revisions are published. This species list is based upon the effort of many ant collectors as well as myrmecologists who have published on the taxonomy of Portugal ants. Those who have specimen records that expand this list are encouraged to submit this information in the discussion section of the Portugal Ants web page. Please advise if any corrections are warranted.

Aphaenogaster

• Aphaenogaster dulcineae (Emery, 1924)
• Aphaenogaster gemella (Roger, 1862)
• Aphaenogaster gibbosa (Latreille, 1798)
• Aphaenogaster iberica Emery, 1908
• Aphaenogaster senilis Mayr, 1853
• Aphaenogaster splendida (Roger, 1859) (introduced)

Bothriomyrmex

• Bothriomyrmex meridionalis (Roger, 1863)
• Bothriomyrmex saundersi Santschi, 1922

Camponotus

• Camponotus aethiops (Latreille, 1798)
• Camponotus barbaricus Emery, 1905
• Camponotus cruentatus (Latreille, 1802)
• Camponotus fallax (Nylander, 1856)
• Camponotus foreli Emery, 1881
• Camponotus gestroi (Emery, 1878)
• Camponotus lateralis (Olivier, 1792)
• Camponotus micans (Nylander, 1856)
• Camponotus piceus (Leach, 1825)
• Camponotus pilicornis (Roger, 1859)
• Camponotus ruber Emery, 1925
• Camponotus sylvaticus (Olivier, 1792)
• Camponotus vagus (Scopoli, 1763)

Cardiocondyla

• Cardiocondyla batesii Forel, 1894
• Cardiocondyla elegans (Emery, 1869)
• Cardiocondyla mauritanica Forel, 1890 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Cardiocondyla nigra Forel, 1905

Cataglyphis

• Cataglyphis hispanica (Emery, 1906)
• Cataglyphis iberica (Emery, 1906)
• Cataglyphis rosenhaueri Santschi, 1925 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Cataglyphis velox Santschi, 1929 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)

Colobopsis

• Colobopsis imitans Schifani, Giannetti, Csősz, Castellucci, Luchetti, Castracani, Spotti, Mori & Grasso, 2021
• Colobopsis truncata (Spinola, 1808) (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)

Crematogaster

• Crematogaster auberti Emery, 1869
• Crematogaster scutellaris (Olivier, 1792)
• Crematogaster sordidula (Linnaeus, 1771)

Dolichoderus

• Dolichoderus quadripunctatus (Linnaeus, 1771)

Formica

• Formica cunicularia Latreille, 1798
• Formica decipiens (Bondroit, 1918)
• Formica dusmeti Emery, 1909 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Formica frontalis Santschi, 1919
• Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1783
• Formica fusca tombeuri Bondroit, 1917 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Formica gagates Latreille, 1798 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Formica gerardi Bondroit, 1917
• Formica pratensis Retzius, 1783
• Formica rufa Linnaeus, 1761
• Formica rufibarbis Fabricius, 1758
• Formica sanguinea Latreille, 1798

Goniomma

• Goniomma baeticum (Reyes & Rodriguez, 1987)
• Goniomma blanci (André, 1881)
• Goniomma hispanicum (André, 1883)
• Goniomma kugleri Espadaler, 1986

Hypoponera

• Hypoponera abeillei (André, 1881)
• Hypoponera eduardi (Forel, 1894)
• Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger, 1859)

Iberoformica

• Iberoformica subrufa (Roger, 1859)

Lasius

• Lasius alienus (Foerster, 1850)
• Lasius brunneus (Latreille, 1798)
• Lasius emarginatus (Olivier, 1792)
• Lasius flavus (Fabricius, 1781)
• Lasius fuliginosus (Latreille, 1798)
• Lasius grandis Forel, 1909
• Lasius lasioides (Emery, 1869)
• Lasius meridionalis (Bondroit, 1920)
• Lasius myops Forel, 1894
• Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Lasius piliferus Seifert, 1992
• Lasius umbratus (Nylander, 1846)

Lepisiota

• Lepisiota frauenfeldi (Mayr, 1855)

Leptanilla

• Leptanilla revelierii Emery,

Leptothorax

• Leptothorax acervorum (Fabricius, 1793)

Linepithema

• Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868)

Messor

• Messor barbarus (Linnaeus, 1767)
• Messor bouvieri Bondroit, 1918
• Messor capitatus (Latreille, 1798)
• Messor hispanicus Santschi, 1919
• Messor ibericus (Latreille, 1798)
• Messor lobicornis Forel, 1894 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Messor lusitanicus Tinaut, 1985
• Messor marocanus Santschi, 1927

Monomorium

• Monomorium carbonarium (Smith, F., 1858)
• Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus,, 1758)
• Monomorium subopacum (Smith, F., 1858)

Myrmecina

• Myrmecina graminicola (Latreille, 1802)

Myrmica

• Myrmica aloba Forel, 1909
• Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Myrmica ruginodis Nylander, 1846
• Myrmica sabuleti Meinert, 1861
• Myrmica scabrinodis Nylander, 1846
• Myrmica specioides (Bondroit, 1918)
• Myrmica wesmaeli Bondroit, 1918

Nylanderia

• Nylanderia jaegerskioeldi (Mayr, 1904)

Oxyopomyrmex

• Oxyopomyrmex saulcyi Emery, 1889

Pheidole

• Pheidole pallidula (Nylander, 1849)

Plagiolepis

• Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798)
• Plagiolepis schmitzii Forel, 1895
• Plagiolepis xene (Stärcke, 1936)

Polyergus

• Polyergus rufescens (Latreille, 1798)

Ponera

• Ponera coarctata (Latreille, 1802)
• Ponera testacea Emery, 1895 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)

Proformica

• Proformica ferreri (Bondroit, 1918)
• Proformica nasuta (Nylander, 1856)

Solenopsis

• Solenopsis fugax (Latreille, 1798)
• Solenopsis latro (Forel, 1894)
• Solenopsis lusitanica Emery, 1915
• Solenopsis monticola (Bernard, 1950)
• Solenopsis oraniensis Forel, 1894

Stenamma

• Stenamma debile Foerster, 1850
• Stenamma westwoodii (Westwood, 1839)

Stigmatomma

• Stigmatomma gaetulicum (Baroni Urbani, 1978)

Strongylognathus

• Strongylognathus caeciliae (Forel, 1897)
• Strongylognathus huberi Forel, 1874
• Strongylognathus huberi dalmaticus Baroni Urbani, 1969 (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)

Strumigenys

• Strumigenys argiola (Emery, 1869)
• Strumigenys silvestrii Emery, 1906

Tapinoma

• Tapinoma erraticum (Latreille, 1798)
• Tapinoma ibericum Santschi, 1925
• Tapinoma madeirense Forel, 1895
• Tapinoma simrothi Krausse-Heldrungen, 1911

Temnothorax

• Temnothorax affinis (Mayr, 1855)
• Temnothorax albipennis (Curtis, 1854)
• Temnothorax alfacarensis (Tinaut & Reyes-López, 2020)
• Temnothorax angustulus (Nylander, 1856)
• Temnothorax atlantis Santschi, 1911
• Temnothorax aveli (Bondroit, 1918)
• Temnothorax clypeatus (Mayr, 1853)
• Temnothorax convexus (Forel, 1894)
• Temnothorax corticalis (Schenck, 1852)
• Temnothorax exilis Emery, 1869
• Temnothorax formosus (Santschi, 1909)
• Temnothorax kraussei (Emery, 1915)
• Temnothorax luteus (Forel, 1874)
• Temnothorax muellerianus (Finzi, 1922)
• Temnothorax nylanderi (Foerster, 1850)
• Temnothorax pardoi (Tinaut, 1987)
• Temnothorax parvulus (Schenck, 1852)
• Temnothorax racovitzai (Bondroit, 1918)
• Temnothorax recedens (Nylander, 1856)
• Temnothorax tuberum (Fabricius, 1775)
• Temnothorax unifasciatus (Latreille, 1798)
• Temnothorax wollastoni (Donisthorpe, 1940) (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)

Tetramorium

• Tetramorium biskrense Forel, 1904
• Tetramorium forte Forel, 1904
• Tetramorium impurum (Foerster, 1850) (not included in Arcos et al., 2022)
• Tetramorium semilaeve (André, 1883)

References

• Arcos, J., Chaves, D., Alarcón, P., Rosado, A. 2022. First record of Temnothorax convexus (Forel, 1894) in Portugal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with an updated checklist of the ants from the country. Sociobiology, 69(2), e7623 (doi:10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7623).
• [1] X. Espadaler, M. Boieiro, R. Azedo, C. Bernardes, D. Figueiredo & A. R. M. Serrano, 2008. Additions to the ant fauna of Portugal (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bolletin Sociedad Entomologica Aargones, 42: 349-351
• [2] Boieiro, M., Espadaler, X., Rita Azedo, A.R., Collingwood, C.A. & Serrano, A.R.M. 2009. One genus and three new ant species for Portugal (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boletín de la Sociedad entomológica Aragonesa 45: 515-517
• Borowiec, L., Salata, S. 2017. New records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from southern Portugal. Acta entomologica silesiana 25: 1-10.
• Salgueiro, J. 2002. Catálogo dos formicídeos de Portugal continental e ilhas. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 31:145-171.