Pseudomyrmex comitator
Pseudomyrmex comitator | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hymenoptera |
Family: | Formicidae |
Subfamily: | Pseudomyrmecinae |
Genus: | Pseudomyrmex |
Species group: | elongatulus |
Species: | P. comitator |
Binomial name | |
Pseudomyrmex comitator Ward & Branstetter, 2022 |
Pseudomyrmex comitator is an apparent workerless social parasite of Pseudomyrmex cognatus, and is currently known only from two adjacent sites in high-elevation forest (1,520 m) of Chiapas, Mexico. The holotype was collected by Jack Longino in a nest of P. cognatus that contained workers, alate males, alate queens, and brood (larvae, prepupae) of the presumed host. Only a single dealate queen of P. comitator was found in the nest. The paratype queen was encountered as a stray on the ground, in a nearby locality.
At a Glance | • Workerless Inquiline |
Identification
Small species (see HW, HL, and LHT measurements), with elongate head (CI 0.77–0.80); upper surface of mandible finely reticulate with scattered punctures, lacking striae; eyes relatively short (REL 0.40–0.42, REL2 0.51–0.54); frontal carinae separated by slightly less than basal scape width; petiole stout and short, the height and width of petiole about 0.8× the length (less so in the paratype); in profile, petiole with flat to convex anterodorsal face, ascending to summit in posterior quarter of node, then rounding into more steeply descending posterior face; profemur slender; hind leg relatively short (LHT/HL 0.69). Head sublucid, densely punctulate-coriarious. Standing pilosity sparse and short on most of body (MSC 4–7). Dark brown to brownish-black, head and gaster darker than rest of body.
This species, known only from two dealate queens, bears some resemblance to Pseudomyrmex cognatus, but differs in ways that suggest it represents a workerless inquiline (see also notes on Distribution and Biology below). The P. comitator queens are notably smaller than those of P. cognatus (HW 0.77–0.81, HL 1.00–1.01, vs HW 0.99–1.11, HL 1.28–1.42 in queens of P. cognatus), lack striae on the mandibles, have reduced mesosomal pilosity (MSC 4–7 vs 15–22 in P. cognatus queens), and possess an oddly swollen and foreshortened petiole (PLI 0.67–0.83, vs 0.45–0.53 in P. cognatus queens) (Figs. 8 and 9). The two specimens of P. comitator do not show the same degree of modification of the petiole (compare PLI and PWI values), with the holotype being more extreme, indicating some instability in the expression of this character. Both individuals of P. comitator were sequenced; they are sister taxa in our UCE tree and embedded phylogenetically within the putative host species (Fig. 1). They are more closely related to P. cognatus populations from Honduras and Nicaragua, however, than to samples from Chiapas.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 6° to 6°.
North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: Ward & Branstetter, 2022
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Mexico (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
Estimated Abundance
Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
Biology
Castes
Phylogeny
Relationships among Pseudomyrmex elongatulus group species based on Ward & Branstetter (2022).
Pseudomyrmex |
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Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- comitator. Pseudomyrmex comitator Ward & Branstetter, 2022: 21, figs. 9, 24 (dq.) MEXICO (Chiapas).
Type Material
- Holotype dealate queen, MEXICO Chiapas: 29 km E La Trinitaria, 1,520 m, 16° 06′ N 91° 46′ W, 21 Jul 2007, ex nest of P. cognatus in dead stick, pine oak scrubby forest, J. Longino JTL6094 (UNAM) (JTLC000010310).
- Paratype dealate queen, MEXICO Chiapas: Lagos de Montebello, 1,520 m, 16° 08′ N 91° 44′ W, 21 Jul 2007, on ground, pine oak Liquidambar forest, J. Longino JTL6093-s (UCDC) (JTLC000010349).
Description
References
- Ward, P.S., Branstetter, M.G. 2022. Species paraphyly and social parasitism: Phylogenomics, morphology, and geography clarify the evolution of the Pseudomyrmex elongatulus group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a Mesoamerican ant clade. Insect Systematics and Diversity 6(1), 4: 1-31 (doi:10.1093/isd/ixab025).