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Pseudomyrmex evitus
| Pseudomyrmex evitus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Pseudomyrmecinae |
| Genus: | Pseudomyrmex |
| Species group: | ferrugineus |
| Species: | P. evitus |
| Binomial name | |
| Pseudomyrmex evitus Ward, 2017
| |
P. evitus is an uncommon species, known from scattered locations from southern Mexico to Costa Rica. Collections come from tropical moist forest, lowland rainforest, lowland rainforest edge, and montane rainforest, at elevations ranging from 50 m to 1170 m. I have encountered this species in the field only at Estación de Biología Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico, where I found single foragers on the ground and on a tree trunk, and a nest in a dead twig. In contrast to the acacia-ants the workers of P. evitus have a timid disposition. (Ward, 2017)
Identification
Ward (2017) - This species is readily recognized by the combination of the shape of the clypeal lobe (medially concave and laterally angulate); broad head; dense coriarious-punctulate sculpture which renders the body opaque; and petiole shape. The reduced palp formula, elongate eyes, weakly impressed metanotal groove, and uniformly dark coloration are also distinctive. Pseudomyrmex feralis, the other non-mutualist species in the Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus group, is similar to P. evitus in the shape of the clypeus and mesosoma, but it is smaller (HW 0.94–0.99) with less heavily sculptured integument, shorter legs (LHT 0.73–0.77), and a more elongate head (CI 0.90–0.94). Males of P. evitus have an unusually elongate third (penultimate) segment of the maxillary palps, which is about 2.6× the length of the terminal segment.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 18.5851° to 18.03847°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Belize, Costa Rica (type locality), Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- evitus. Pseudomyrmex evitus Ward, 2017: 531, fig. 2 (w.) COSTA RICA.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
(n = 14). HL 1.13–1.25, HW 1.15–1.28, MFC 0.040–0.070, LHT 0.91–1.00, CI 1.01– 1.05, REL 0.52–0.55, REL2 0.51–0.54, FCI 0.033–0.056, FI 0.42–0.45, PLI 0.49–0.56, PWI 0.50–0.60.
Medium-sized species (see HL, HW and LHT measurements) with broad head (CI >1.00) and elongate eyes (REL >0.50); anterior margin of median clypeal lobe concave, and laterally angulate; palp formula 4,3; frontal carinae separated by less than basal scape width; profemur relatively robust; mesosoma as in Fig. 2b, metanotal groove weakly impressed; dorsal face of propodeum slightly longer than, and rounding into, declivitous face; petiole as in Fig. 2b, about twice as long as high or wide, anterodorsal face ascending gradually, without a well differentiated anterior peduncle; dorsal surface of petiole with a weak median furrow; postpetiole broad, about 1.6–1.7× petiole width. Head, mesosoma and petiole densely punctulate-coriarious and mostly opaque; postpetiole and abdominal tergite IV similarly opaque, their reflectance dulled by fine punctulae and associated dense pubescence. Standing pilosity fine, pale, and moderately common on most parts of the body (MSC 13–26), present on the mesonotum and (usually) propodeum. Dark brownish-black, the appendages medium brown.
Type Material
Holotype worker. Costa Rica Heredia: Est. Biol. La Selva, 50–150m, 10°26ʹN 84°01ʹW, Mar 1994 [in recent treefall, tropical rainforest], INBio-OET, J. Longino JTL03593 (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad) (INBIOCRI001271962). Paratypes. Series of 7 workers, same data as holotype (California Academy of Sciences, John T. Longino Collection, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Philip S. Ward Collection, University of California, Davis).
References
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Dattilo W. et al. 2019. MEXICO ANTS: incidence and abundance along the Nearctic-Neotropical interface. Ecology https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2944