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Stigmatomma noonadan
| Stigmatomma noonadan | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Amblyoponinae |
| Tribe: | Amblyoponini |
| Genus: | Stigmatomma |
| Species: | S. noonadan |
| Binomial name | |
| Stigmatomma noonadan (Taylor, 1965)
| |
The types were collected "in or on the ground in newly cleared secondary growth."
Identification
A. noonadan is readily distinguished from the only other known western Melanesian Amblyopone, Amblyopone australis, by the characters of its “stigmatommine habitus" (i.e., "double ranked" mandibular dentition and enlarged clypeal teeth, etc., see Brown, 1960). In addition, australis is larger (minimum known HW on New Guinea about 1.5 mm), and has an acute tooth on each inferior pronotal angle. The related Melanesian species Fulakora celata (Solomon Islands) is much smaller (3 syntype workers in the MCZ collection have HL 0.69-0.71 mm; HW 0.60-0.63 mm) with minute genal teeth (maximally only about as large as the median clypeal denticles) and with the head evenly and rather finely shagreened. (Taylor 1965)
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: -5.433330059° to -5.433330059°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Indo-Australian Region: New Guinea.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Male
Images from AntWeb
   
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| Male (alate). Specimen code casent0172233. Photographer April Nobile, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. | Owned by ANIC, Canberra, Australia. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- noonadan. Amblyopone noonadan Taylor, 1965a: 6, figs. 3, 4 (w.) NEW GUINEA (Papua New Guinea: New Britain I.).
- Type-material: holotype worker, 1 paratype worker.
- Type-locality: holotype Papua New Guinea: New Britain, Yalom, 1000 m., 19.v.1962, Danish Noona Dan Expd. (no collector’s name); paratype with same data.
- Type-depositories: ZMUC (holotype); MCZC (paratype).
- Taylor, 1979: 826 (m.).
- Combination in Stigmatomma: Yoshimura & Fisher, 2012a: 19.
- Status as species: Taylor, 1979: 824 (redescription); Bolton, 1995b: 62; Xu & Chu, 2012: 1182 (in key).
- Distribution: Papua New Guinea.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
The following description is based on the holotype and single paratype.
Dimensions (in mm, holotype cited first). TL c. 5.5, 6 mm; HL (including clypeal denticles) 1.04, 1.12; HW (immediately behind genal teeth) 0.96, 1.04; maximum scape length (excluding articular condyle) 0.64, 0.68; outside total length of mandible 0.85, 0.90; PW 0.58, 0.65; WL 1.38, 1.42; midline length of petiolar dorsum 0.49, 0.55; maximum petiolar node width 0.50, 0.57; postpetiolar length at midline 0.36, 0.40; maximum width of postpetiole 0.65, 0.73.
General habitus as in Figures. Head with occipital border feebly concave, sides feebly convex, converging posteriad; anterior corners with strong acute genal teeth, the inner edges of which are about as long as the maximum width of the mandibular shafts. Frontal lobes approximate, separated by a deep linear groove. Clypeal apron strongly convex, with eight small denticles; the four median ones closely approximate, less deeply separated from each other than from the more lateral denticles, their apices diverging from the midline; the innermost of the two lateral denticles on each side moderately large, triangular, separated from the median quartet by a gap equal to its width at base; the outer tooth large and blunt, its apex jagged, forming two or three indistinct cusps. Mandibles slender, their external margins feebly concave, each bearing ten acute, slightly recurved teeth. The two basal teeth simple, conical, the basalmost blunt, the second acute; the eight apical teeth arranged in four more or less separated pairs, in typical "stigmatommine" fashion; the dorsalmost tooth of each pair lies slightly distal to its partner; a distinct low reclinate tooth is present on the inner edge of the strong acute mandibular apex. The mandibular apices cross when the jaws are closed, leaving a triangular gap between the mandibular and clypeal teeth. Palpal formula maxillary 4: labial 3 (paratype dissected). Scapes slender, slightly incrassate; funiculus with 11 segments proportioned as in Figure 4. Eyes small, variable in size, maximum diameter 0.02 mm in holotype, 0.06 mm in paratype, with four and nine or ten indistinct facets, respectively.
Mesosomal profile as in Figure. In dorsal view this tagma is widest at the pronotum and strongly narrowed at the base of the propodeum. Pronotal dorsum almost flat, with marginate lateral borders; inferior angles of pronotum broadly rounded. Promesonotal suture flexible; mesonotum transverse; mesometanotal suture vestigial, represented only by a sculptural break between the subopaque mesonotum and the moderately shining propodeum. Propodeal dorsum about as long as broad, its sides diverging posteriad; declivity feebly concave, rounding into dorsum, its lateral edges slightly raised, forming angles of a little more than 90 degrees in dorsal view.
Petiole sessile, its profile as in Figure; subpetiolar process afenestrate; nodal dorsum slightly wider than long in dorsal view, the anterior border with a slight median emargination, the sides converging slightly anteriad. Postpetiole wider but shorter than node, and also shorter than the succeeding segment which is of about the same width. Gastric apex laterally compressed, sting stout. Tibial spurs vestigial on middle legs; posterior tibiae each with a broad flat pectinate spur and a more slender simple conical one.
Mandibles and frontal lobes obscurely longitudinally striate. Clypeal apron with somewhat radial longitudinal striae; lateral parts of clypeus similarly sculptured, the striae on each side radiating back from a focal point at about the level of the inner basal edge of the mandible. These lateral clypeal striae arch back over the cheeks, where those nearest the midline are almost longitudinal, reaching back to the base of the frontal carinae; the cheek striae become increasingly divergent towards the sides of the head and the most lateral ones gather apically, at the base of the genal tooth. Remainder of head coarsely and roughly punctate-rugose; the sculptural trend faint, mainly longitudinal, but transverse across a narrow posterior strip. Scapes finely shagreened. Postgenae somewhat obscurely and irregularly longitudinally striate, the striae diverging posteriad. Lateral parts of the dorsa of the pronotum and propodeum with scattered punctures, about 0.02 mm in diameter, separated by about twice this distance on pronotum and more widely spaced on propodeum; a narrow longitudinal median strip on these sclerites lacks punctures, the surface here is shining, with a very fine superficial scale-like surface pattern which is also present on the interpunctural areas of the lateral strips, and which has a transverse trend on the posterior propodeal dorsum. Mesonotum subopaque, coarsely and irregularly shagreened.
Sides of mesosoma, except metepisternal area, subopaque, bearing somewhat effaced and polished, almost vertical fine striae, which are slightly curved (concave anteriorly) and slope posteriorly; sculptural intensity diminishing posteriad, with striae virtually absent behind the propodeal spiracle. Metepisternal area longitudinally striate. Declivity of propodeum shining, with very superficial, minutely scale-like transverse sculpturation. Petiolar dorsum subopaque, with scattered fine piligerous punctures; gastric tergites similar, the punctures finer and more abundant.
Pubescence adpressed and subadpressed, generally distributed over body except for the post-pronotal sides of the mesosoma and the sides of the petiolar node. Erect pilosity moderately abundant, especially on the dorsum of the body and towards the gastric apex, where the hairs are longest. Ground color dark chocolate brown, with the following areas infuscated with reddish brown: clypeus, frontal lobes, anterior corners of head, including genal teeth, pronotal collar, area of mesosomal-petiolar junction, subpetiolar process, posterior edges of gastric tergites, and gastric apex. Mandibles, antennae, legs and sting rich golden brown.
Type Material
Territory of New Guinea: New Britain: Yalom, 1,000 m, May 19, 1962 (Danish Noona Dan Expedition). The types were collected "in or on the ground in newly cleared secondary growth," no collector specified. The holotype is deposited in the Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark; the paratype is in the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Type No. 31148).
Etymology
The species is named, in apposition, for the Danish expedition vessel Noona Dan.
References
- Taylor, R. W. 1965a. New Melanesian ants of the genera Simopone and Amblyopone (Hymenoptera-Formicidae) of zoogeographic significance. Breviora 221: 1-11 (page 6, figs. 3, 4 worker described)
- Taylor, R.W. 1979. Melanesian ants of the genus Amblyopone. Australian Journal of Zoology 26 (1978): 823-839. [24.i.1979.](page 826, male described)
- Yoshimura, M. & Fisher, B.L. 2012. A revision of male ants of the Malagasy Amblyoponinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with resurrections of the genera Stigmatomma and Xymmer. PLoS ONE 7(3):e33325 (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033325).
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- CSIRO Collection
- Janda M., G. D. Alpert, M. L. Borowiec, E. P. Economo, P. Klimes, E. Sarnat, and S. O. Shattuck. 2011. Cheklist of ants described and recorded from New Guinea and associated islands. Available on http://www.newguineants.org/. Accessed on 24th Feb. 2011.
- Taylor R. W. 1965. New Melanesian ants of the genera Simopone and Amblyopone (Hymenoptera-Formicidae) of zoogeographic significance. Breviora 221: 1-11.
- Taylor R. W. 1978. Melanesian ants of the genus Amblyopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Aust. J. Zool. 26: 823-839.
- Xu Z.-H., and J. J. Chu. 2012. Four New Species of the Amblyoponine Ant Genus Amblyopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Southwestern China with a Key to the Known Asian Species. Sociobiology 59(4): 1175-1196.