Strumigenys clotho

Strumigenys clotho
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Myrmicinae
Tribe:	Attini
Genus:	Strumigenys
Species:	S. clotho
Binomial name
Strumigenys clotho (Bolton, 2000)

Nothing is known about the biology of Strumigenys clotho.

Identification

Bolton (2000) - A member of the Strumigenys disjuncta-group. For characters isolating Strumigenys agostii, see under that name.

Keys including this Species

• Key to Strumigenys of East Asia (as Pyramica)

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 1.61667° to 1.61667°.

North Temperate	North Subtropical	Tropical	South Subtropical	South Temperate

• Source: AntMaps

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Borneo (type locality), Indonesia, Malaysia.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Biology

Explore Overview of Strumigenys biology  Strumigenys were once thought to be rare. The development and increased use of litter sampling methods has led to the discovery of a tremendous diversity of species. Many species are specialized predators (e.g. see Strumigenys membranifera and Strumigenys louisianae). Collembola (springtails) and other tiny soil arthropods are typically favored prey. Species with long linear mandibles employ trap-jaws to sieze their stalked prey (see Dacetine trap-jaws). Larvae feed directly on insect prey brought to them by workers. Trophallaxis is rarely practiced. Most species live in the soil, leaf litter, decaying wood or opportunistically move into inhabitable cavities on or under the soil. Colonies are small, typically less than 100 individuals but in some species many hundreds. Moist warm habitats and micro-habitats are preferred. A few better known tramp and otherwise widely ranging species tolerate drier conditions. Foraging is often in the leaf litter and humus. Workers of many species rarely venture above ground or into exposed, open areas. Individuals are typically small, slow moving and cryptic in coloration. When disturbed individuals freeze and remain motionless. Males are not known for a large majority of species. ‎

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• clotho. Pyramica clotho Bolton, 2000: 413 (w.) BORNEO. Combination in Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 117

Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.

Description

Worker

Holotype. TL 2.3, HL 0.60, HW 0.41, CI 68, ML 0.14, MI 23, SL 0.32, SI 78, PW 0.28, AL 0.59. Closely related to Strumigenys disjuncta and mostly matching the description of that species. The dense pilosity of Strumigenys clotho, although basically of the same form as disjuncta, tends to be of narrower and slightly longer hairs throughout. Easily seen diagnostic characters that separate the two are as follows.

S. clotho: Apicoscrobal hair present. Base of first gastral sternite without a pad of spongiform tissue. With petiole and postpetiole in profile the posteriormost rows of dorsal hairs long and stoutly remiform, elevated and curving posteriorly, extending well beyond the posterior collars of the waist segments. Standing stout hairs on first gastral tergite restricted to a single transverse row very close to the base.

S. disjuncta: Apicoscrobal hair absent. Base of first gastral sternite with a thick pad of spongiform tissue. With petiole and postpetiole in profile the posteriormost rows of dorsal hairs short and broad, scale-like and closely applied to the surface, scarcely reaching beyond the posterior collars of the waist segments. Standing stout hairs on first gastral tergite present on basal half of sclerite in a series of transverse rows that diminish in width posteriorly.

Type Material

Holotype worker, Malaysia: Sarawak, 3rd. Division, Kapit District, Sg. Mengion, nr Ng. Tekalit, 1°37'N, 113°35'E (no collector's name) (Museum of Comparative Zoology).

References

• Baroni Urbani, C. & De Andrade, M.L. 2007. The ant tribe Dacetini: limits and constituent genera, with descriptions of new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria” 99:1-191.
• Bolton, B. 2000. The ant tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 65:1-1028. (page 413, worker described)

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

• Pfeiffer M.; Mezger, D.; Hosoishi, S.; Bakhtiar, E. Y.; Kohout, R. J. 2011. The Formicidae of Borneo (Insecta: Hymenoptera): a preliminary species list. Asian Myrmecology 4:9-58