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Strumigenys reliquia
| Strumigenys reliquia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Attini |
| Genus: | Strumigenys |
| Species group: | pilinasis |
| Species: | S. reliquia |
| Binomial name | |
| Strumigenys reliquia (Ward, 1988)
| |
This species is a western endemic known from six workers taken in two collections in the spring of 1986. Both collections were taken in the same remnant patch of riparian oak woodland in the Sacramento Valley of California, United States (Ward, 1988; Booher, 2021).
Identification
Bolton (2000) - Strumigenys reliquia is easily separated from Strumigenys pilinasis by the following characters:
| reliquia | pilinasis |
| MI 16-18; SI 83-87. | MI 21-25; SI 67-74. |
| Tooth 2 on mandible much shorter than tooth 1 (basal). | Tooth 1 (basal) and 2 on mandible subequal in length. |
| Diastema present on mandible between basal lamella and first (basal) tooth, diastema longer than length of first tooth. | No diastema on mandible between basal lamella and first (basal) tooth. |
| Hairs on lateral clypeal margin filiform, not J –shaped nor strongly curved posteriorly. | Hairs on lateral clypeal margin narrowly spatulate, conspicuously J-shaped and strongly curved posteriorly. |
| Hairs on clypeal dorsum elongate, fine, elevated. | Hairs on clypeal dorsum short, arched, mostly decumbent. |
| Flagellate hair present on hind tibia and basitarsus. | Flagellate hair absent from hind tibia, present on basitarsus. |
Booher (2021) - Other than pilosity, Strumigenys reliquia is morphologically quite like Strumigenys collinsae and shares several mandible characters. In S. reliquia the first tooth arises after a long diastemmic gap and this tooth shorter than the following teeth. These first teeth also do not overlap when mandibles are closed, both characters shared with S. collinsae, but unlike S. collinsae these first teeth are more than half the length of the following teeth where the first teeth in S. collinsae are only about 1/4 the length of the following tooth. Of the four teeth following this first short tooth, the third is shorter than the first two or last. In S. collinsae the third and fourth are nearly equal in size. The clypeal groove is also not visible along the anterior border unlike S. collinsae. Other major differences are discussed under S. collinsae.
Keys including this Species
- Key to Nearctic Strumigenys (as Pyramica)
- Key to US Strumigenys species
- Key to western Nearctic Strumigenys species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 38.73333° to 38.73333°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Nearctic Region: United States (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- reliquia. Smithistruma reliquia Ward, 1988: 117, fig. 7 (w.) U.S.A. Combination in Pyramica: Bolton, 1999: 1673; in Strumigenys: Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2007: 126. See also: Bolton, 2000: 110.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Bolton (2000) - TL 2.1-2.2, HL 0.58-0.62, HW 0.38-0.40, CI 65-67, ML 0.09-0.10, MI 16-18, SL 0.33-0.34, SI 83-87, PW 0.24-0.26, AL 0.58-0.61 (3 measured).
First (basal) tooth on mandible much shorter than second; diastema between basal lamella and basal tooth longer than length of basal tooth. Anterior clypeal margin evenly smoothly convex; clypeal dorsum densely reticulate-punctate. Eye with 3-4 ommatidia in longest row. Propodeal dorsum with punctate sculpture partially effaced. Entirety of body pilosity simple and fine, filiform to flagellate; without spatulate, spoon-shaped or other bizarre pilosity anywhere. Hairs on anterior clypeal margin shallowly curved away from midline; on lateral margins inclined anterolaterally or feebly recurved; on clypeal dorsum fine hairs elevated, subdecumbent to suberect at least in their apical halves. Leading edge of scape with most hairs curved toward apex of scape but one or two of the longer hairs, close to the subbasal bend, curved toward the base of the scape. Dorsolateral margin of head with 2 long fine laterally projecting flagellate hairs; one apicoscrobal, the other anterior to this. Cephalic ground-pilosity curved-filiform, very fine; close to occipital margin with a transverse row of 4 more erect hairs that are longer and even finer, subflagellate or looped. Dorsal alitrunk with pronotal and mesonotal pairs of long flagellate hairs. Long curved sinuous to flagellate hairs also present on waist segments and first gastral tergite. Dorsal (outer) surface of hind tibia and basitarsus with projecting long flagellate hairs.
Type Material
Bolton (2000) - Holotype worker and paratype workers, U.S.A. California, Yolo Co., 4 km. E Yolo, 15 m., 4.iv.1986, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood), riparian woodland, #8266-5 (P. S. Ward); paratype workers, same locality, 8.v.1986, #715 (S. Shattuck) (Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Museum of Comparative Zoology, National Museum of Natural History) [examined].
References
- Baroni Urbani, C. and De Andrade, M.L. 2007. The ant tribe Dacetini: limits and constituent genera, with descriptions of new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria”. 99:1-191.
- Bolton, B. 1999. Ant genera of the tribe Dacetonini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). J. Nat. Hist. 3 33: 1639-1689 (page 1673, Combination in Pyramica)
- Bolton, B. 2000. The ant tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 65:1-1028. (page 110, description of worker)
- Booher, D.B. 2021. The ant genus Strumigenys Smith, 1860 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in western North America north of Mexico. Zootaxa 5061, 201–248 (doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5061.2.1).
- Ward, P. S. 1988. Mesic elements in the western Nearctic ant fauna: taxonomic and biological notes on Amblyopone, Proceratium, and Smithistruma (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 61: 102-124 (page 117, fig. 7 worker described)
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Ward, P. S. 1988. Mesic Elemets in the Western Nearctic Ant Fauna: Taxonomic and Bilogical Notes on Amblyopone, Proceratium, and Smithistruma (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society. 61:102-124