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Strumigenys tococae
| Strumigenys tococae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Attini |
| Genus: | Strumigenys |
| Species: | S. tococae |
| Binomial name | |
| Strumigenys tococae Wheeler, W.M. & Bequaert, 1929
| |
The types were taken from an abundant population inhabiting the foliar sacs of Tococa formicaria, a tall myrmecophytic shrub, in the outskirts of Bolem. From this circumstance and the large size of the eyes, S. tococae is judged to be an arboreal or subarboreal specialist. (Brown 1962)
Identification
Bolton (2000) - A member of the Strumigenys tococae-group. Two species in the group, tococae and Strumigenys extirpa, have the gaster smooth behind the basigastral costulae; in the others it is densely sculptured. Of these two, tococae has long irregular flagellate hairs on the waist segments and first gastral tergite, absent from extirpa. The gastral flagellate hairs are apparently quite easily lost by abrasion.
Wheeler and Bequaert (1929) - This species is quite distinct from any of the Neotropical Strumigenys of which the senior author has seen specimens or descriptions. It is allied to S. rogeri, S. trinidadensis, saliens, cordovensis and biolleyi.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 5.371° to -13.03°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Brazil (type locality), Ecuador, French Guiana.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Worker
Images from AntWeb
   
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| Syntype of Strumigenys tococae. Worker. Specimen code casent0900435. Photographer Will Ericson, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. | Owned by NHMUK, London, UK. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- tococae. Strumigenys tococae Wheeler, W.M. & Bequaert, 1929: 31 (w.) BRAZIL. See also: Brown, 1957c: 101; Bolton, 2000: 565.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Length 3.3-3.5 mm.
Allied to S. rogeri Emery but decidedly larger. Head somewhat more than one and one-half times as long as broad, narrowed anteriorly, deeply and semicircularly excised behind, and with rounded occipital lobes, the eyes moderately large and convex, in front of the middle of the sides. Clypeus small, subtriangular, broader than long. Mandibles somewhat more than half as long as the head, straight and linear, not flattened, their basal three-fifths with parallel external and internal borders, distally gradually narrowed to the slender rather abruptly incurved apical teeth. The inner border of the terminal two-fifths of each mandible bears two stout, distinctly oblique teeth, the first at the point where the mandible begins to narrow, the second half way to the apical teeth. The first tooth is distinctly shorter than the second (the reverse of the condition in S. rogeri). Antennae slender, the scapes subterete, reaching to about the posterior fifth of the head; first funicular joint as long as joints 2 and 3 together, the second being half as long as the third; joint 4 distinctly longer than 2 and 3 and the terminal joint fusiform, nearly as long as 2 to 4 together. Thorax slender, broadest through the pronotum which has rounded humeri and a rather convex dorsum. Mesonotum convex and subcarinate in the middle. Epinotum with subequal base and declivity in profile, the former nearly straight, flattened in the middle and sharply marginate on each side, the latter sloping, without 1jranslucent laminae; spines well-developed, longer than broad, acute, flattened. Metasternal teeth somewhat shorter than the spines hut nearly as acute. Petiole with rounded, transversely elliptical node, in profile rising abruptly from the short peduncle and with well-developed spongiform masses around its sides and posterior border and depending from its ventral surface. Postpetiolar node similar but broader and• with similar but more extensive fungiform masses. First gastric segment convex, broadly subelliptical, with feebly concave anterior border. Legs rather slender.
Opaque; mandibles somewhat, gaster decidedly shining. Head, thorax and pedicel densely and evenly reticulate; mandibles, scapes and legs finely, gaster sparsely punctate, the base of the first segment strongly longitudinally striate.
Clypeus, head and thorax with sparse, evenly distributed, pale, appressed, scale-like hairs; anterior border of scapes with a series of about a dozen curved hairs which are slightly enlarged at their tips; mandibles with numerous ordinary, subappressed hairs; those on the scapes and legs appressed and scale-like. Gaster with very long, delicate, erect, sparse hairs. A few of these occur also on the humeri and pedicel.
Yellow ferruginous; mandibles, legs and gaster paler.
Bolton (2000) - TL 3.2-3.3, HL 0.80-0.84, HW 0.62-0.64, CI 74-78, ML 0.45-0.46, MI 55-58, SL 0.53-0.54, SI 84-87, PW 0.36-0.40, AL 0.78-0.82 (6 measured).
First gastral tergite smooth and shining behind basigastral costulae, the sclerite with numerous appressed spatulate hairs that are directed medially or posteromedially and are quite conspicuous. First gastral tergite also with a number of long straggly flagellate hairs, one or two pairs of which also project from the dorsal surfaces of the petiole and postpetiole. Apicoscrobal hair absent. Maximum diameter of eye 0.12-0.14. Petiolar spine about equal in length to the spine at the base of the propodeum, or slightly longer. Reticulate-punctate sculpture of postpetiole disc overlaid with weak longitudinal costulae. Spongiform lobes of petiole and postpetiole well developed.
Type Material
Described from numerous specimens taken July 13 at Para, in the foliar sacs of Tococa [near formicaria Mart (?)].
Bolton (2000) - Syntype workers, BRAZIL: Para, 13.vii.1924 (Bequaert) (National Museum of Natural History, The Natural History Museum) [examined].
References
- Albuquerque, E., Prado, L., Andrade-Silva, J., Siqueira, E., Sampaio, K., Alves, D., Brandão, C., Andrade, P., Feitosa, R., Koch, E., Delabie, J., Fernandes, I., Baccaro, F., Souza, J., Almeida, R., Silva, R. 2021. Ants of the State of Pará, Brazil: a historical and comprehensive dataset of a key biodiversity hotspot in the Amazon Basin. Zootaxa 5001, 1–83 (doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5001.1.1).
- Bolton, B. 2000. The ant tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 65:1-1028. (page 565, redescription of worker)
- Brown, W. L., Jr. 1957. The neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: group of cultriger Mayr and S. tococae Wheeler. Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 63:97-102. (page 101, redescription of worker)
- Brown, W. L., Jr. 1962c. The neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: synopsis and keys to the species. Psyche. 69:238-267.
- Franco, W., Ladino, N., Delabie, J.H.C., Dejean, A., Orivel, J., Fichaux, M., Groc, S., Leponce, M., Feitosa, R.M. 2019. First checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of French Guiana. Zootaxa 4674, 509–543 (doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4674.5.2).
- Wheeler, W. M.; Bequaert, J. C. 1929. Amazonian myrmecophytes and their ants. Zool. Anz. 82: 10-39 (page 31, worker described)
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Bezdeckova K., P. Bedecka, and I. Machar. 2015. A checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Peru. Zootaxa 4020 (1): 101–133.
- Bolton, B. 2000. The Ant Tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 65
- Brandao, C.R.F. 1991. Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Rev. Bras. Entomol. 35: 319-412.
- Fernández, F. and S. Sendoya. 2004. Lista de las hormigas neotropicales. Biota Colombiana Volume 5, Number 1.
- Franco W., N. Ladino, J. H. C. Delabie, A. Dejean, J. Orivel, M. Fichaux, S. Groc, M. Leponce, and R. M. Feitosa. 2019. First checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of French Guiana. Zootaxa 4674(5): 509-543.
- Kempf, W.W. 1972. Catalago abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hym. Formicidae) Studia Entomologica 15(1-4).
- Sosa-Calvo J., S. O. Shattuck, and T. R. Schultz. 2006. Dacetine ants of Panama: new records and description of a new species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 108: 814-821.
- Wilson, E.O. 1987. The Arboreal Ant Fauna of Peruvian Amazon Forests: A First Assessment. Biotropica 19(3):245-251.