Polyrhachis carbonaria

Polyrhachis carbonaria
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Formicinae
Tribe:	Camponotini
Genus:	Polyrhachis
Subgenus:	Myrma
Species:	P. carbonaria
Binomial name
Polyrhachis carbonaria Smith, F., 1857 Specimen Labels
Synonyms
Polyrhachis orsyllus dentulata Stitz, 1925 Polyrhachis orsyllus subcarinata Emery, 1900

Identification

A member of the Polyrhachis inermis species group in the subgenus Myrma

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 6.734778° to -2.218684°.

North Temperate	North Subtropical	Tropical	South Subtropical	South Temperate

• Source: AntMaps

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Indonesia, Malaysia (type locality), Philippines, Singapore.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Castes

Worker

Images from AntWeb

Syntype of Polyrhachis orsylla subcarinata. Worker. Specimen code casent0905614. Photographer Z. Lieberman, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences.	Owned by MSNG, Genoa, Italy.

Holotype of Polyrhachis carbonaria. Worker. Specimen code casent0901848. Photographer Ryan Perry, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences.	Owned by OUM, Oxford, UK.

Worker. Specimen code casent0906793. Photographer Michele Esposito, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences.	Owned by NHMUK, London, UK.

.	Owned by Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• carbonaria. Polyrhachis carbonarius Smith, F. 1857a: 60 (w.) WEST MALAYSIA. Combination in P. (Aulacomyrma): Donisthorpe, 1932c: 445; in P. (Myrma): Dorow, 1995: 32. Senior synonym of dentulata, subcarinata: Kohout, 1988: 526.
• subcarinata. Polyrhachis orsyllus subsp. subcarinata Emery, 1900d: 712 (w.) INDONESIA (Mentawei I.). Combination in P. (Myrma): Emery, 1925b: 204. Subspecies of vindex: Dorow, 1995: 41. Junior synonym of carbonaria: Kohout, 1998: 526.
• dentulata. Polyrhachis (Myrma) orsyllus var. dentulata Stitz, 1925: 135 (w.) INDONESIA (Sumatra). Subspecies of vindex: Dorow, 1995: 41. Junior synonym of carbonaria: Kohout, 1998: 526.

The following notes on F. Smith type specimens have been provided by Barry Bolton (details):

Polyrhachis carbonarius

Holotype worker in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Labelled “36 MAL.” (= Malacca, West Malaysia) and with a Donisthorpe type-label.

References

• Donisthorpe, H. 1932c. On the identity of Smith's types of Formicidae (Hymenoptera) collected by Alfred Russell Wallace in the Malay Archipelago, with descriptions of two new species. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10(10): 441-476 (page 445, Combination in P. (Aulacomyrma))
• Dorow, W. H. O. 1995. Revision of the ant genus Polyrhachis Smith, 1857 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae) on subgenus level with keys, checklist of species and bibliography. Cour. Forschungsinst. Senckenb. 185: 1-113 (page 32, Combination in P. (Myrma))
• Khachonpisitsak, S., Yamane, S., Sriwichai, P., Jaitrong, W. 2020. An updated checklist of the ants of Thailand (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 998, 1–182 (doi:10.3897/zookeys.998.54902).
• Kohout, R. J. 1998. New synonyms and nomenclatural changes in the ant genus Polyrhachis Fr. Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae). Mem. Qld. Mus. 42: 505-531 (page 526, Senior synonym of dentulata and subcarinata)
• Smith, F. 1857a. Catalogue of the hymenopterous insects collected at Sarawak, Borneo; Mount Ophir, Malacca; and at Singapore, by A. R. Wallace. [part]. J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. 2: 42-88 (page 60, worker described)

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

• Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
• Emery C. 1886. Saggio di un catalogo sistematico dei generi Camponotus, Polyrhachis e affini. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna 5: 363-382
• Emery, C. "Formiche raccolte da Elio Modigliani in Sumatra, Engano e Mentawei." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria (Genova) (2) 20, no. 40 (1900): 661-722.
• Forel A. 1913k. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise nach Ostindien ausgeführt im Auftrage der Kgl. Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin von H. v. Buttel-Reepen. II. Ameisen aus Sumatra, Java, Malacca und Ceylon. Gesammelt von Herrn Prof. Dr. v. Buttel-Reepen in den Jahren 1911-1912. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 36:1-148.
• Kohout R. J. 1998. New synonyms and nomenclatural changes in the ant genus Polyrhachis Fr. Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 42: 505-531
• Philpott S.M., P. Bichier, R.A. Rice, and R. Greenberg. 2008. Biodiversity conservation, yield, and alternative products in coffee agroecosystems in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodivers. Conserv. 17: 1805-1820. Data obtained from Stacy Philpott
• Robson Simon Database Polyrhachis -05 Sept 2014
• Watanasit S., J. Saewai, and A. Philapplueng. 2007. Ants of the Klong U-Tapao Basin, Southern Thailand. Asian Myrmecology 1: 69-79.