Eciton quadriglume

Eciton quadriglume
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Dorylinae
Genus:	Eciton
Species:	E. quadriglume
Binomial name
Eciton quadriglume (Haliday, 1836)
Synonyms
Eciton lugubris Roger, 1863 Labidus fargeavii Shuckard, 1840

Evolutionary Relationships

Eciton Eciton dulcium Eciton vagans Eciton quadriglume Eciton rapax Eciton mexicanum Eciton lucanoides Eciton burchellii Eciton drepanophorum Eciton hamatum

Based on Winston et al., 2016. The species Eciton jansoni, Eciton quadriglume, Eciton setigaster and Eciton uncinatum were not included in this study.

Distribution

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Neotropical Region: Argentina, Brazil (type locality), Paraguay, Peru.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Biology

Association with Other Organisms

• This species is a host for the diapriid wasp Doliopria collegii (a parasite) in Argentina (Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016).
• This species is a host for the diapriid wasp Szelenyiopria reichenspergeri (a parasite) in Argentina (Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016).
• This species is a host for the eucharitid wasp Orasema rapo (a parasite) (Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database) (primary host; questionable, needs confirmation).
• This species is a host for the phorid fly Apocephalus quadriglumis (a parasite) (phorid.net) (attacked).

Castes

• 

  Male

• 

  Male

• 

  Male

• 

  Minor

• 

  Minor

• 

  Minor

• 

  Media

• 

  Media

• 

  Media

• 

  Soldier

• 

  Soldier

• 

  Soldier

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• quadriglume. Atta quadriglumis Haliday, 1836: 328 (w.) BRAZIL (Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina).
  • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
  • Type-locality: Brazil: Rio de Janeiro (Graves) (by restriction of Borgmeier, 1955: 196).
  • [Note: Haliday also recorded syntypes from Brazil: Santa Catarina (Graves).]
  • Type-depository: unknown.
  • [Note: type-material not in BMNH; Borgmeier, 1955: 196, reports that some Haliday material may be in Ireland: Dublin (datum from Horn & Kahle, 1935: 103).]
  • [Misspelled as quadrigme by Palacio, 1999: 151 (in key).]
  • Mayr, 1886b: 122 (s.); Emery, 1896g: 38 (m.); Reichensperger, 1924: 203 (q.).
  • Combination in Eciton: Smith, F. 1858b: 151;
  • combination in E. (Eciton): Emery, 1910b: 21.
  • Junior synonym of rapax: Smith, F. 1858b: 151; Mayr, 1863: 409; Roger, 1863b: 36; Mayr, 1865: 78.
  • Status as species: Mayr, 1886b: 118 (in key); Emery, 1888c: 353; Dalla Torre, 1893: 5; Emery, 1894c: 177; von Jhering, 1894: 383; Forel, 1895b: 120; Emery, 1896g: 38; Emery, 1900a: 185; Forel, 1909a: 254; Emery, 1910b: 21; Forel, 1911c: 288; Luederwaldt, 1918: 37; Santschi, 1921g: 91; Borgmeier, 1923: 39; Santschi, 1923g: 1260; Bruch, 1934b: 122; Santschi, 1934c: 24; Borgmeier, 1953: 15; Borgmeier, 1955: 196 (redescription); Kempf, 1972a: 103; Watkins, 1976: 9 (in key); Bolton, 1995b: 185; Palacio, 1999: 151 (in key); Wild, 2007b: 25; Bezděčková, et al. 2015: 109; Palacio, 2019: 601.
  • Senior synonym of fargeavii: Emery, 1896g: 38; Emery, 1900a: 185; Emery, 1910b: 21; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166; Luederwaldt, 1918: 37; Borgmeier, 1923: 39; Borgmeier, 1953: 15; Borgmeier, 1955: 196; Kempf, 1972a: 103; Bolton, 1995b: 185.
  • Senior synonym of lugubris: Mayr, 1886b: 118; Forel, 1892m: 29 (in text); Dalla Torre, 1893: 5; von Jhering, 1894: 382; Forel, 1895b: 120; Emery, 1910b: 21; Borgmeier, 1923: 39; Borgmeier, 1955: 196; Kempf, 1972a: 103; Bolton, 1995b: 185.
  • Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru.
• fargeavii. Labidus fargeavii Shuckard, 1840a: 198 (m.) BRAZIL (Santa Catarina).
  • Type-material: holotype male.
  • [Note: this taxon was based on a specimen described as Labidus latreillii Jurine, by Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1835: 229, misidentification.]
  • Type-locality: Brazil: Santa Catarina (no collector’s name).
  • Type-depository: unknown (perhaps MNHN).
  • [Misspelled as fargeaui by Dalla Torre, 1893: 2, Emery, 1896g: 38, Emery, 1910b: 21, and others; misspelled as fargeani by Luederwaldt, 1918: 37.]
  • Combination in Eciton: Dalla Torre, 1893: 2;
  • combination in Mayromyrmex: Ashmead, 1905b: 381;
  • combination in Eciton: Emery, 1906a: 718.
  • Status as species: Westwood, 1842: 74; Smith, F. 1859b: 4; Roger, 1863b: 41; Mayr, 1863: 424; Dalla Torre, 1893: 2; Forel, 1895b: 119.
  • Junior synonym of quadriglume: Emery, 1896g: 38; Emery, 1900a: 185; Emery, 1910b: 21; Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166; Luederwaldt, 1918: 37; Borgmeier, 1923: 39; Borgmeier, 1953: 15; Borgmeier, 1955: 196; Kempf, 1972a: 103; Bolton, 1995b: 184.
• lugubris. Eciton lugubris Roger, 1863a: 203 (w.) BRAZIL (no state data).
  • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
  • Type-locality: Brazil: (no further data).
  • Type-depository: MNHU.
  • Forel, 1886a: 217 (s.).
  • Status as species: Roger, 1863b: 36; Mayr, 1863: 459; Mayr, 1865: 77 (in key); Forel, 1886a: 217.
  • Junior synonym of quadriglume: Mayr, 1886b: 118; Forel, 1892m: 29 (in text); Dalla Torre, 1893: 5; von Jhering, 1894: 382; Forel, 1895b: 120; Emery, 1910b: 21; Borgmeier, 1923: 39; Borgmeier, 1955: 196; Kempf, 1972a: 103; Bolton, 1995b: 185.

References

• Baker, A.J., Heraty, J.M., Mottern, J., Hang, J.Z., Hines, H.M., Lemmon, A.R., Lemmon, E.M. 2019. Inverse dispersal patterns in a group of ant parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae: Oraseminae) and their ant hosts. Systematic Entomology 45: 1–19 (doi:10.1111/syen.12371).
• Borgmeier, T. 1953. Vorarbeiten zu einer Revision der neotropischen Wanderameisen. Stud. Entomol. 2: 1-51 (page 15, see also)
• Borgmeier, T. 1955. Die Wanderameisen der neotropischen Region. Stud. Entomol. 3: 1-720 (page 196, see also)
• Emery, C. 1896g. Studi sulle formiche della fauna neotropica. XVII-XXV. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 28: 33-107 (page 38, male described)
• Emery, C. 1896g. Studi sulle formiche della fauna neotropica. XVII-XXV. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 28: 33-107 (page 38, Senior synonym of fargeavii)
• Gonzalez, C., Wcislo, W., Cambra, R., Wheeler, T., Fernandez-Marın, H. 2016. A new ectoparasitoid species of Pseudogaurax Malloch, 1915 (Diptera: Chloropidae), attacking the fungus-growing ant, Apterostigma dentigerum Wheeler, 1925 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 109(4): 639–645 (doi:10.1093/aesa/saw023).
• Haliday, A. H. 1836. Descriptions, etc. of the Hymenoptera. Pp. 316-331 in: Curtis, J., Haliday, A. H., Walker, F. Descriptions, etc. of the insects collected by Captain P. P. King R. N., F. R. S., in the survey of the Straits of Magellan. Trans. Linn. (page 328, worker described)
• Loiacono, M.S., Margarıa, C.B., Aquino, D.A. 2013. Diapriinae wasps (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea: Diapriidae) associated with ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Argentina. Psyche 2013: Article 320590 (doi:10.1155/2013/320590).
• Mayr, G. 1886b. Ueber Eciton-Labidus. (Schluss). Wien. Entomol. Ztg. 5: 115-122 (page 122, soldier described)
• Mayr, G. 1886b. Ueber Eciton-Labidus. (Schluss). Wien. Entomol. Ztg. 5: 115-122 (page 118, Senior synonym of lugubris)
• Reichensperger, A. 1924. Das Weibchen von Eciton quadriglume Hal., einige neue ecitophile Histeriden und allgemeine Bemerkungen. Zool. Anz. 60: 201-213 (page 203, queen described)
• Roger, J. 1863b. Verzeichniss der Formiciden-Gattungen und Arten. Berl. Entomol. Z. 7(B Beilage: 1-65 (page 36, Revived from synonymy)
• Smith, F. 1858a. Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae. London: British Museum, 216 pp. (page 151, Combination in Eciton)
• Smith, F. 1858a. Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae. London: British Museum, 216 pp. (page 151, Junior synonym of rapax)
• Winston, M.E., Kronauer, D.J.C. & Moreau, C.S. 2016. Early and dynamic colonization of Central America drives speciation in Neotropical army ants. Molecular Ecology (doi: 10.1111/mec.13846).

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

• Borgmeier T. 1923. Catalogo systematico e synonymico das formigas do Brasil. 1 parte. Subfam. Dorylinae, Cerapachyinae, Ponerinae, Dolichoderinae. Archivos do Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro) 24: 33-103.
• Borgmeier T. 1953. Vorarbeiten zu einer Revision der neotropischen Wanderameisen. Studia Entomologica 2: 1-51.
• Borgmeier T. 1955. Die Wanderameisen der neotropischen Region. Studia Entomologica 3: 1-720.
• Bruch C. 1934. Las formas femeninas de Eciton. Descripción y redescripción de algunas especies de la Argentina. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 118: 113-135.
• Cuezzo, F. 1998. Formicidae. Chapter 42 in Morrone J.J., and S. Coscaron (dirs) Biodiversidad de artropodos argentinos: una perspectiva biotaxonomica Ediciones Sur, La Plata. Pages 452-462.
• Escalante Gutiérrez J. A. 1993. Especies de hormigas conocidas del Perú (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Peruana de Entomología 34:1-13.
• Escalante J. A. 1975. Hormigas de la Provincia de la Convencionm Cusco. Revista Peruana de Entomologia 18:125-126.
• Favretto M. A., E. Bortolon dos Santos, and C. J. Geuster. 2013. Entomofauna from West of Santa Catarina State, South of Brazil. EntomoBrasilis 6 (1): 42-63.
• Fernández, F. and S. Sendoya. 2004. Lista de las hormigas neotropicales. Biota Colombiana Volume 5, Number 1.
• Forel A. 1909. Ameisen aus Guatemala usw., Paraguay und Argentinien (Hym.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1909: 239-269.
• Kempf, W.W. 1972. Catalago abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hym. Formicidae) Studia Entomologica 15(1-4).
• Kusnezov N. 1978. Hormigas argentinas: clave para su identificación. Miscelánea. Instituto Miguel Lillo 61:1-147 + 28 pl.
• Lapola D. M., and H. G. Fowler. 2008. Questioning the implementation of habitat corridors: a case study in interior São Paulo using ants as bioindicators. Braz. J. Biol., 68(1): 11-20.
• Loiacono M. S., C. B. Margaria, and D. A. Aquino. 2013. Diapriinae wasps (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea: Diapriidae) associated with ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Argentina. Psyche http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/320590
• Luederwaldt H. 1918. Notas myrmecologicas. Rev. Mus. Paul. 10: 29-64.
• Lutinski J. A., B. C. Lopes, and A. B. B.de Morais. 2013. Diversidade de formigas urbanas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) de dez cidades do sul do Brasil. Biota Neotrop. 13(3): 332-342.
• Pires de Prado L., R. M. Feitosa, S. Pinzon Triana, J. A. Munoz Gutierrez, G. X. Rousseau, R. Alves Silva, G. M. Siqueira, C. L. Caldas dos Santos, F. Veras Silva, T. Sanches Ranzani da Silva, A. Casadei-Ferreira, R. Rosa da Silva, and J. Andrade-Silva. 2019. An overview of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the state of Maranhao, Brazil. Pap. Avulsos Zool. 59: e20195938.
• Rosa da Silva R. 1999. Formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) do oeste de Santa Catarina: historico das coletas e lista atualizada das especies do Estado de Santa Catarina. Biotemas 12(2): 75-100.
• Santschi F. 1934. Fourmis de Misiones et du Chaco argentin. Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina. 6: 23-34.
• Suguituru S. S., M. Santina de Castro Morini, R. M. Feitosa, and R. Rosa da Silva. 2015. Formigas do Alto Tiete. Canal 6 Editora 458 pages
• Suguituru S. S., R. Rosa Silva, D. R. de Souza, C. de Bortoli Munhae, and M. Santina de Castro Morini. Ant community richness and composition across a gradient from Eucalyptus plantations to secondary Atlantic Forest. Biota Neotrop. 11(1): 369-376.
• Ulyssea M.A., C. E. Cereto, F. B. Rosumek, R. R. Silva, and B. C. Lopes. 2011. Updated list of ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) recorded in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil, with a discussion of research advances and priorities. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 55(4): 603-–611.
• Vittar, F. 2008. Hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) de la Mesopotamia Argentina. INSUGEO Miscelania 17(2):447-466
• Watkins J. F., II 1976. The identification and distribution of New World army ants (Dorylinae: Formicidae). Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press, 102 pp
• Wild, A. L.. "A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Zootaxa 1622 (2007): 1-55.